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3J - HEMATOLOGY LEC (1ST SEM: PRELIMS) > Hematopoiesis > Flashcards

Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Hematopoiesis start to occur or begin during embryo stage in the ?

A

yolk sac

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2
Q

○ Foundation of adult hematopoietic system
○ Multipotent, specific stem cells that give rise only to any type of BLOOD CELLS

A

Hematopoietic stem cells (mother cell)

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3
Q

Characteristics of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS

A

Self- renewal
Directed differentiation

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4
Q

The nucleus and cytoplasm develop together at the
SAME RATE; Physiological—normal hematopoiesis

A

Synchronous hematopoiesis

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5
Q

Either of the nucleus or cytoplasm develops/matures later than the other; pathologic

A

Asynchronous hematopoiesis

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6
Q

decreased iron =

A

Decreased hemoglobin synthesis = decreased RBC production

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7
Q

Hemoglobin is more abundant in the -

A

Periphery of the RBC

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8
Q

Hemoglobin metabolism/synthesis is
associated with ?

A

erythropoiesis

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9
Q

protein that carry oxygen to tissues

A

Hemoglobin

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10
Q

Hemoglobin is composed of

A

Heme and globin

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11
Q

basophilic due to increased ribosome concentration for protein synthesis

A

Immature RBC

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12
Q

Patient has insufficient iron—an essential component in hemoglobin synthesis

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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13
Q

Decreased iron = delayed cytoplasm maturation

A

Microcytic, Hypochromic RBC

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14
Q

Deficiency in ? Or ? may inhibit DNA synthesis within the nucleus

A

Vit B12 or B9

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15
Q

important in DNA synthesis that occurs in the nucleus during SYNTHESIS phase of the INTERPHASE period

A

Vit B12 and B9

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16
Q

Decreased vit B12 and B9 =

A

delay in nuclear maturation but normal cytoplasmic maturation

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17
Q

essential in heme, hemoglobin, and RBC synthesis

A

Iron

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18
Q

Illness associated w deficiency in VIT 12 OR vit B9

A

Megaloblastic anemia

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19
Q

hematopoiesis that occurs in adults

A

Medullary hematopoiesis

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20
Q

primary site of hematopoiesis in adultsuntil adulthood

A

Bone marrow

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21
Q

hematopoiesis outside the bone marrow

A

Extramedullary hematopoiesis

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22
Q

Organs associated w extramedullary hematopoiesis

A

Kidney
Liver
Spleen

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23
Q

T or F

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is NOT NORMAL in adults

A

True

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24
Q

Hematopoiesis that happens within blood vessels

A

Intravascular hematopoiesis

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25
Q

Hematopoiesis that happens outside blood vessels

A

Extravascular hematopoiesis

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26
Q

TYPES OF HEMATOPOIESIS ACCORDING TO: SYNCHRONICITY

A

Synchronous hematopoiesis
Asynchronous hematopoiesis

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27
Q

TYPES OF HEMATOPOIESIS ACCORDING TO: LOCATION

A

Medullary/Myeloid hematopoiesis
Extramedullary hematopoiesis
Intravascular hematopoiesis
Extravascular hematopoiesis

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28
Q

Present in the first few hours after ovum is fertilized

A

Totipotent stem cells

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29
Q

Most versatile; can give rise to any type of cell including NERVE cell, MUSCLE cells, SKIN cells, and LIVER cells

A

Totipotent stem cells

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30
Q
  • Present after several days of fertilization
  • Have limited capacity to produce cell
A

Pluripotent stem cells

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31
Q

Pluripotent stem cells is derived from

A

Totipotent stem cell

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32
Q

Specific and has limited capacity to produce cell; derived from pluripotent stem cell

A

Multi potent stem cells

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33
Q

Multipotent stem cell that is limited to produce only blood cells

A

Hematopoietic stem cell

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34
Q

TYPES OF HUMAN STEM CELLS

A

Totipotent
Pluripotent
Multipotent

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35
Q

HEMATOPOIETIC DEVELOPMENTAL PERIOD

Starts in the YOLK SAC, TRANSITIONARY TYPE of hematopoiesis

A

Mesoblastic period

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36
Q

Mesoblastic period: CD marker of hematopoetic stem cells

A

CD34 positive cell

37
Q

Mesoblastic period: HCSs are transferred to ?

A

CD34 positive cells

38
Q

Mesoblastic period: HCs transitions into the ?

A

Liver

39
Q

Mesoblastic period happens ? Days after fertilization up to ? Week of gestation

A

19 days after fertilization up to 8th-12th week of
gestation

40
Q
  • Initial/transient site of hematopoiesis
  • Where erythroid progenitor cells are seen
A

Blood islands of the yolk sac

41
Q
  • first cell where it gives rise to cells
  • Not pluripotent
  • No capacity for renewal
A

Erythroid progenitor cells

42
Q

Mesoblastic period produces ?

A

Primitive erythroblast

43
Q

Hepatic period: Transported to the ?; temporary

A

liver

44
Q

Medullary/Myeloid period: occurs in the ?

A

Bone marrow

45
Q

provides nourishment to the developing embryo

A

Yolk sac (mesoblastic period)

46
Q

where hematopoiesis takes place and site of ERYTHROID DEVELOPMENT, and the site of production of PRIMITIVE EYRTHROBLAST

A

Blood islands

47
Q

type of hematopoiesis during mesoblastic period is ?

A

Intravascular

48
Q

Mesoblastic period: characteristic of hematopoiesis

A
  • extraembryonic
  • transitory
  • product is primitive erythroblast
49
Q

Mesoblastic period

From blood island, hematopoiesis will progress in the ?

A

Aorta-gonad mesonephros

50
Q

B cell is produced in

A

Spleen
Kidney

51
Q

Lymphoid cell prod ccours whenand where

A

4th mo
Spleen

52
Q

Myelopoises
When?
Produce what?

A

5th month

Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Megakaryocytes

53
Q

Multipotent stem cell differentiates into

A

common lymphoid progenitor cells or a common myeloid progenitor cell

54
Q

Both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages are engaged in

A

Dendritic cell formation

55
Q

CFU-GEMM) can differentiate into

A

Granulocytes
Monocytes
Erythrocytes
Lymohocytes
Thrombocytes

56
Q

cytokine that can trigger the growth and total number of CFU-GEMM.

A

Stem cell factor (SCF

57
Q

States that “pluripotent stem cells now differentiate into precursor cells that are least partially dedicated to form one type of mature blood cell.”

A

Monophyletic theory of hematopoiesis

58
Q

form directly from the common lymphoid progenitor.

A

Lymphoid dendritic cells

59
Q

get activated in secondary lymphoid organs, it further differentiate into plasma cells.

A

B cells

60
Q

responsible for regulating the differentiation of multipotential hematopoietic stem cells into specific cell types by the activation of transcription factors.

A

Cytokines

61
Q

It is required for the development of all
hematopoietic lineages; in its absence
animals die during embryogenesis.

A

Transcription factor GATA-2:

62
Q

is required for the self-renewal of HSCs, and in its absence animals die within 2 months of birth because of the failure to repopulate their red and white blood

A

Transcriptional regulator Bmi-1:

63
Q

enhances the myeloid lineage, finally leading to the differentiation of granulocytes and macrophages

A

Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating
factor (GM-CSF

64
Q

Erythropoiesis is enhanced by

A

decreased levels of oxygen in the blood,

65
Q

hormone central to the formation of red blood cells.

A

Erythropoietin

66
Q

Erythropoiesis takes on average ? to be completed to form mature red blood cell from unipotential hematopoietic cell.

A

2 days

67
Q

has uncondensed nucleus and has basophilic or blue cytoplasm.

A

proerythroblast

68
Q

nucleus becomes more condensed than the latter two stages and the cytoplasm is reduced.

A

polychromatophilic erythroblast stage

69
Q

nucleus is much smaller than that of the prior stages having a pinker cytoplasm

A

orthochromatophilic erythroblast

70
Q

red blood cell lacks nucleus, but still stains somewhat blue because of the remnants of polyribosomes within the cell.

A

reticulocyte

71
Q

no nucleus and no polyribosome remnants and as a result stains pink.

A

mature red blood cell

72
Q

white blood cells having multi-lobular nuclei and cytoplasmic granules.

A

Granulocytes

73
Q

forms a myeloblast

A

unipotential hematopoietic cell

74
Q

GRANULOPOIESIS

has a cytoplasm that stains blue with a large nucleus.

A

Myeloblast

75
Q

contains azurophilic granule

A

promyelocyte

76
Q

non-indented still rather large nucleus.

A

myelocyte

77
Q

alike in size to a mature granulocyte and the nucleus starts to become indented.

A

metamyelocyte

78
Q

nucleus resembles a horseshoe and has definitive indentation.

A

band cell

79
Q

lobed mature granulocytes nucleus and cytoplasmic granules.

A

mature granulocytes

80
Q

entire process of granulopoiesis occurs over a period of

A

2 weeks

81
Q

committed progenitor cell, found only in the bone marrow; has a basophilic cytoplasm without granules.

A

monoblast

82
Q

smaller in size with nuclei that become slightly indented, before becoming monocytes.

A

Promonocytes

83
Q

kidney-shaped nuclei and can develop into dendritic cells or macrophages.

A

Monocytes

84
Q

Lymphopoiesis first committed progenitor cells

A

Lymphoblasts

85
Q

Lymphoblasts after maturation, differentiate into

A

B, T or natural killer cells.

86
Q

extremely large cells within the bone marrow forms the platelet

A

Megakaryocytes

87
Q

hepatic period
is it contains hemoglobins; no longer gowers

A

Third phase in hepatic period

88
Q

few cells infiltrateto blood cells (precursor cells), as evident by pink cytoplasm so erythroblasts start to migrate in liver

A

FIRST PHASE IN HEPATIC PERIOD

89
Q

Primitive rbcs have hemoglobin called

A

Embryonic hemoglobin

3J - HEMATOLOGY LEC (1ST SEM: PRELIMS) (1 decks)

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