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Patho Block 2 > Hematopoesis > Flashcards

Hematopoesis Flashcards

1
Q

% RBCs

A 
Males = 41-53%
Females = 36-46%
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2
Q

% Leukocytes in humans

A

1% of blood volume

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3
Q

% of plasma

A

49-64%

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4
Q

Make up of plasma

A

90% water
7% protein
0.9% inorganic ions

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5
Q

Albumin

A

protein carriers; clotting factors; lipoproteins

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6
Q

Globulin: alpha/beta

A

protein carrier, clotting factors, lipoproteins

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7
Q

Gamma globulin

A

immunoglobulins (antibodies)

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8
Q

Fibrinogin and prothrombin

A

aid in clot formation

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9
Q

Serum

A

Plasma from which the blood cells and fibrinogen has been separated in the process of clotting
-straw colored, contains factors released by platelets, but not clotting factors or platelets

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10
Q

erythrocytes

A 
RBCs, carry o2 and co2, 
5 billion per mL
120 life span
lack organelles and nucleus
flexible and fit tight spaces
7.5 microns
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11
Q

macrocyte

A

Enlarged erythrocyte
>9micron
due to low folic acid

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12
Q

microcyte

A

Small erythrocyte

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13
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature RBC
1-2% of RBCs
have residual ribosomal RNA (stains blue)

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14
Q

hematocrit

A

% of RBC in blood

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15
Q

neutrophils

A

Granulocytes, polymorphonuclear
1st responders in inflammation and infection
50-70% of leukocytes in circulation
2-5 lobed nuclei
Live in CT for 1-4 days, then 6-7 hours in the blood
Formed in medullary cavity of bone marrow
once matured they move to medullary storage in large numbers

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16
Q

Eosinophils

A

1-3% of leukocytes
6 days in tissue, 8-18 hours in blood
often bilobed, sometimes 3 lobes
normal for them to found in CT underlying epithelia
Increased levels can indicate Helminth infection
able to tone down inflammatory response with histaminase and arylsulfatase

17
Q

Basophils

A 
0.3% of leukocytes
60-70 hours
irregularly lobed
granules obscure the nucleus
specific granules
-heparin, histamine, peroxidase, leukotrienes...
18
Q

Lymphocytes

A

18-42% of leukocytes

T-cells and B-cells

19
Q

T-cells

A

100-200 days
60-80% of lymphocytes
cell medicated immunity
mature in the thymus

20
Q

B-cells

A

3-4 days
20-30% of lymphocytes
humoral immunity
mature in the bone marrow

21
Q

Monocytes

A

2-8% of leukocytes
horsehoe shaped nuclei
precursers, when in CT become macrophages

22
Q

Eosinophilia

A

increase number of eosinophils
associated with allergic reactions
and helminthic infections

23
Q

What is shift to left

A

more band neutrophils in CBC, often means inflammation or leukemia

Patho Block 2 (1 decks)

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