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HEMATOLOGY > Hematology tests And Procedures > Flashcards

Hematology tests And Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Flow cytometry based test
Most sensitive and specific test to confirm the diagnosis of HS

A

EMA binding test or Eosin-5-Maleimide binding test

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2
Q

Rarely done
Inaccurate
RBC count, hemoglobin and ct are elevated in people living at higher altitude

A

Manual RBC Count

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3
Q

Recommended screening test for PK deficiency

A

PK flurescent spot test or Autohemolysis test

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4
Q

Confirmatory test for PK deficiency

A

Quantitative PK Assay

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5
Q

Recommended screening test for G6PD deficiency

A

G6PD flurescent spot test or Autohemolysis test

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6
Q

Confirmatory test for G6PD deficiency

A

Quantitative G6PD assay

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7
Q

Confirmatory test for Hereditary Spherocytosis

A

EMA binding test

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8
Q

Tests for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

A

D-dimer test
Prothrombin Fragment 1 + 2

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9
Q

Reference method of Hemoglobin Determination

A

Cyanmethemoglobin

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10
Q

Major components of Drabkin’s reagent in HiCN method

A

Potassium ferricyanide - Hb to Methemoglobin
Potassium cyanide - Provide cyanide ions

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11
Q

Cyanmethemoglobin Method is measured ______ nm except sulfhemoglobin

A

540 nm

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12
Q

Movement of changed particles in the electric field

A

Electrophoresis

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13
Q

Electrophoresis (Fastest hemoglobin)

A

Hb H = abnormal
Hb A1 or A = normal

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14
Q

Electrophoresis (Slowest hemoglobin)

A

Hb C, A2, E, C Harlem, O arab

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15
Q

Primary screening procedure to detect variant or abnormal hemoglobin

A

Cellulose acetate (pH 8.4-8.6)

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16
Q

Complementary procedure to cellulose acetate Hb electrophoresis
Confirm variant of hemoglobins
Differentiates hemoglobin S from D and G

A

Citrate Agar (pH 6.0 to 6.2)

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17
Q

Instrument used to determine packed cell volume
Red blood cells that have settled

A

Hematocrit

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18
Q

T or F:
In reading hematocrit, the third layer (buffy coat) is read but not the 2nd layer (plasma)

A

T

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19
Q

75 mm long
Inner bore = 1.2 mm
Can hold 0.05 ml of blood
Plug = 4 to 6 mm long
2 types = Red band (Heparin) and Blue Band (No anticoagulant)

A

Details for hematocrit tube

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20
Q

In doing hct determination, you must spin the sample for _______ mins at ______ rpm

A

5 mins
10,000 rpm

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21
Q

T or F:
After centrifugation, read the hematocrit. Results should agree within 1% or +- 0.1 L/L

A

T

22
Q

Falsely INCREASED hct is due to these following errors

A

Dehydration
Hemoconcentration
Insufficient centrifugation
Buffy coat inclusion in reading

23
Q

Falsely DECREASED hct is due to these following errors

A

Hemolysis
Improper sealing
Increased AC concentration
Introduction of excess interstitial fluid or tissue fluid

24
Q

Used for checking validity of test results
Works only for normocytic, normochromic specimens

A

Rule of Third

25
Q

Erythrocyte indices

A

Mean Cell Volume
Mean Cell Hemoglobin
Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration

26
Q

Average volume of an individual RBC
Reference range: 80 to 100 fl

A

Mean Cell Volume

27
Q

Average weight or amount of hemoglobin in an individual RBC
Reference range: 26 to 32 pg

A

Mean Cell Hemoglobin

28
Q

Mean concentration of hemoglobin in the average RBC
Reference range: 31 to 37 g/dl or %

A

Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration

29
Q

Increased hematocrit level above normal
Two kinds: Absolute polycythemia (Elevated total red cell mass) and Relative Polycythemia (Normal total red cell mass but increased hct)

A

Polycythemia

30
Q

Type of Absolute Polycythemia
Primary marrow disorder
Panmyelosis

A

Absolute Polycythemia or Polycythemia vera or Polycythemia Rubra Vera

31
Q

PV has ________ mutation

A

JAK2V61LF mutation

32
Q

Hallmark of Polycythemia Vera

A

Plethora or florid or reddish skin

33
Q

Treatment of choice in Polycythemia Vera

A

Therapeutic phlebotomy

34
Q

T or F:
Therapeutic phlebotomy can be used for patients with Hereditary Chromatosis or Bronze Diabetes

A

T

35
Q

Rate of fall of RBCs settling to the bottom of the tube
Distance inn that the RBCs fall in 1 hr

A

ESR or Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

36
Q

T or F:
ESR is prone to errors
ESR has low specificity and sensitivity

A

T

37
Q

Methods of ESR determination (4)

A

Westergren
Modified westergren
Wintrobe
VES-MATIC 20 instrument

38
Q

Method of ESR determination
Results determined after 1 and 2 hours
Anticoagulant used = 3.8% sodium citrate

A

Westergren

39
Q

Method of ESR determination
Results determined after 1 hr
Most commonly used
Anticoagulant used = EDTA
Diluent = 0.85% NaCl or 3.8% Na Citrate

A

Modified Westergren

40
Q

ICSH

A

International Council for Standardization in Hematology

41
Q

CLSI

A

Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute

42
Q

Method of ESR determination
Results determined after 1 hr
Anticoagulant used = Double oxalate or EDTA

A

Wintrobe

43
Q

Method of ESR determination
Bench top analyzer designed to measure ESR in 20 samples
18 degree slant of tubes with respect to the vertical axis

A

VES-MATIC 20 instrument

44
Q

ESR
Modified Westergren
Reference range (Adult Males)

A

0 to 10 mm/hr

45
Q

ESR
Modified Westergren
Reference range (Adult Females)

A

0 to 15 mm/hr

46
Q

ESR
Wintrobe
Reference range (Adult Males)

A

0 to 9 mm/hr

47
Q

ESR
Wintrobe
Reference range (Adult Females)

A

0 to 20 mm/hr

48
Q

Red blood cells are diluted in 0 to 0.85% saline solutions
Amount of hemolysis at each concentration is determined
Anticoagulant used = Heparin

A

Osmotic Fragility Test

49
Q

Normal value for OFT

A

Initial hemolysis = 0.45%
Complete hemolysis = .30%

50
Q

Confirmatory test for PNH or Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

A

Flow Cytometry

51
Q

Tests for PNH or Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

A

Ham’s Acidified Serum Test
Sugar H2O Test or Sucrose Hemolysis Test
Flow Cytometry

52
Q

Most sensitive test for IDA

A

Serum Ferritin Test

HEMATOLOGY (5 decks)

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