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IDC 23005 > Hematology & Lymph > Flashcards

Hematology & Lymph Flashcards

1
Q

what type of tissue is Blood?

A

Liquid connective tissue

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2
Q

What are the three general functions of Blood?

A
  1. Transportation
  2. Regulation
  3. Protection
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3
Q

What is the transportation function of blood?

A
  • Transports blood and oxygen
  • Carries nutrients from GI tract to body.
  • Heat and waste away from cells
  • Hormones from endocrine glands
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4
Q

What is the regulation function of blood?

A
  • Regulates PH of blood.
  • Regulate heat
  • Blood osmotic pressure
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5
Q

what is the protection function of blood?

A
  • Blood clots (prevent blood loss)
  • WBC’s against disease
  • Contain additional proteins to protect from disease
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6
Q

How do WBC’s protect against disease?

A

By carrying on phagocytosis and producing proteins called antibodies.

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7
Q

what additional proteins does blood contain that protect against disease?

A

Interferons and complement’s

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8
Q

What is the temperature of blood?

A

38C (100.4F)

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9
Q

Is blood alkaline or acidic?

A

Alkaline

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10
Q

What is the PH range of blood?

A

7.35-7.45%

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11
Q

How mych of total body weight does blood constitute?

A

8%

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12
Q

What is the blood volume of an adult male?

A

5-6 Liters

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13
Q

What is the blood volume of an adult Female?

A

4-5 Liters

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14
Q

What two portions is blood composed of?

A
  1. Blood Plasma
  2. Formed elements
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15
Q

What is blood plasma?

A

liquid extracellular matrix that contains dissolved substances.

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16
Q

What are Formed Elements?

A

Cells and cell fragments

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17
Q

How much of the blood is composed of “Formed Elemets”?

A

45%

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18
Q

What makes up the “formed elements?”

A

Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells/platelets

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19
Q

How much of formed elements does red blood cells make up?

A

99%

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20
Q

How much of formed elements does white blood cells nad platelets make up?

A

1%

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21
Q

How much of the blood is made up of plasma?

A

55%

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22
Q

What is “hematocrit”?

A

The percentage of total blood volume occupied by red blood cells.

23
Q

What is the normal range of Hematocrit for Males?

A

42-52%

24
Q

What is the normal range of Hematorcrit for Females?

A

37-47%

25
Q

What is the “buffy coat”?

A

Made up of white blood cells and platelets (<1% of total blood volume)

26
Q

How much of blood plasma is made up of water?

A

91.5%

27
Q

How much of blood plasma is made up of proteins?

A

7%

28
Q

How much of blood plasma is made up of solutes other than proteins?

A

1.5%

29
Q

where are proteins in blood mainly synthesized?

A

the liver

30
Q

what is the most plentiful plasma protein?

A

Albumins?

31
Q

How much of the plasma protein do “albumins” make up?

A

54%

32
Q

Red blood cells are also called what?

A

erythrocytes

33
Q

What is the oxygen-carrying protein contained in red blood cells?

A

hemoglobin

34
Q

How much carbdon dioxide does hemoglobin transport?

A

23%

35
Q

A healthy adult male has how many RBC’s of blood?

A

5.4 million RBC/micro liters

36
Q

A healthy adult female has how many RBC’s of blood?

A

4.8 million RBC/micro liters

37
Q

Do to the wear and tear on their plasma membrane as the squeeze through blood capillaries, how long do red blood cells live?

A

Only about 120 days

38
Q

What is the normal range of White blood cells?

A

5,000-10,000 microliters

39
Q

How long do white blood cells live?

A

a few hours to a few days

40
Q

What is the purpose of white blood cells?

A

Combat pathogens and other foreign substances that enter the body

41
Q

What are White blood cells also called?

A

Leukocytes

42
Q

what are white blood cells classified as?

A

Granular or agranular

43
Q

Are Neutrophils granular or agranular?

A

granular

44
Q

How much of white blood cells do neutrophils make up?

A

50-70%

45
Q

what are neutrophils function?

A

Phagocytosis - destroy bacteria with lysozymes, defensins and strong oxidants.

46
Q

Are Eosinophils granular or agranular?

A

granular

47
Q

How much of white blood cells do Eosinophils make up?

A

1-5%

48
Q

What are the functions of Eosinophils?

A

Supresses effects of histamine in allergic reactions.
Phagocytizes antigen-antibody complexes and destroys certain parasitic worms.

49
Q

Are basophils granular or agranular?

A

Granular

50
Q

How much of white blood cells do Basophils make up?

A

0-1%

51
Q

What is the function of Basophils?

A

releases heparin, histamine, and serotonin that intensifies the inflammatory response in allergic reactions.

52
Q

What cells are lymphocytes?

A

T cells, B cells and natural killer cells

53
Q

are lymphocytes granular or agranular?

A

Agranular

54
Q

How much of white blood cells do lymphocytes make up?

A

20-40%

IDC 23005 (2 decks)

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