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MLS hematology 2020 > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

bite cells, blister cells, heinz bodies (denatured hgb, super vital stain) what disease process is this?

A

G6PD deficiency

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2
Q

Antibodies attack ADAMTS13 so that it loses its function and big, uncut vWB factor (ULVWM) clogs the microvasculature. This causes clotting issues and sheer stress.

A

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

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3
Q

What globulin chains do adults have?

A

2- alpha

2- beta

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4
Q

What globulin chains does the fetus have?

A

2- alpha

2- gamma

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5
Q

Rare disorder of the erythrocytes membrane. The defect makes the cell abnormally sensitive to lysis of complement.

A

PNH (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)

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6
Q

Large platelets, decreased plts, Dohle bodies in segs.

A

May-Hagglin anomoly

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7
Q

Large purpulish granules in cytoplasm incompletely degraded mucopolysaccharides.

A

Alder-Riley

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8
Q

Causes recurrent bacterial infections and the WBCs have bluish-gray inclusions.

A

Chediak-Higashi

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9
Q

Condition where there is a chronic sustained leukocytosis and all stages of cell maturation are seen?

A

Myeloproliferative Disorders

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10
Q

CD13 and CD33

A

Myeloid cells

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11
Q

CD41 and CD61

A

Megakaryoblasts

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12
Q

Calculate MCV

A

HCT/RBC x 10

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13
Q

Calculate MCH

A

HGB/RBC x 10

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14
Q

Calculate MCHC

A

HB/HCT x 100

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15
Q

What cells is increased in bacterial infections?

A

Neutrophil

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16
Q

What cell is increased in viral infections?

A

Lymphocyte

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17
Q

Calculate WBC

A

of cells counted x (1/0.9) x dilution factor

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18
Q

Calculate hematocrit

A

hgb/rbc

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19
Q

t(15:17)

A

APL (acute promyelocytic leukemia)

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20
Q

t(9;22) philadelphia chromosome

bcr/abl fusion gene

A

CML (chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

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21
Q

t(8;21)

A

AML

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22
Q

Expected RBC indicies in a patient with rouleaux?

A

RBC decreased

MCV, MCHC increased

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23
Q

Blasts that stain with myeloperoxidase and specific esterase are in what lineage?

A

myleocytic

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24
Q

Retic reference range?

A

0.5-1.5%

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25
Q

IDA, Chronic disease/inflammation, lead poisoning and Thalassemia Trait fall in what anemia classification?

A

Microcytic/hypochromic

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26
Q

B12, pernicous anemia and malabsorption/dietary, folate deficiency, liver disease/alcholism fall under what anemia classification?

A

Macrocytic

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27
Q

This macrocytic anemia with have decrease B12, oval macrocytes, hypersegemented polys, H-J bodies?

A

B12 deficiency

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28
Q

If a paient is suspected to have PA what test should be run?

A

Anti-IF factor (positive), MMA (methymalonic acid), homocystine

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29
Q

Antibody mediated anemia showing nornmocytic/normchromic anemia include what disease processes?

A

PCH
Cold agglutinin Disease
Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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30
Q

Anemia caused by these diseases is due to a membrane defect:

A

Herediatry spherocytosis
Hereditary Elliptocytosis
PNH

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31
Q

Anemia due to an enzyme deficiency:

A

G6PD (heinz bodies)

PK (no heinz bodies)

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32
Q

Anemia due to decreased production of EPO or loss, dry tap during bone marrow, hypocellular bone marrow, decreased retics and pancytopenia:

A

Aplastic anemia
Acute blood loss
Chronic renal failure

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33
Q

A cytokine produced that increases production of platelets?

A

TPO

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34
Q

Patients with this genetic disorder are sometimes partial albino:

A

Chediak Higashi

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35
Q

What represents the biochemical composition of pappenheimer bodies?

A

Iron

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36
Q

H-J bodies are composed of what?

A

DNA

37
Q

Basophilic stippling is composed of what?

A

RNA

38
Q

Pappenheimer bodies are composed of what?

A

Iron

39
Q

Heinz bodies are composed of what?

A

Denatured Hgb

40
Q

Cabot rings are composed of what?

A

remnants of mitotic spindle

41
Q

A hypocellular bone marrow has an M;E ratio of 5:1 what does this indicate?

A

Decreased erythropoiesis

42
Q

In a hypercellular bone marrow what would be increased?

A

erythropoiesis

43
Q

An increased LAP is indicative of what?

A

leukemoid reaction

44
Q

A decreased LAP is indicative of what?

A

CML

45
Q

This leukemia will have lymphocytes with cytoplasmic projections, is TRAP positive and is CD 103, CD 11 and CD 25 positive

A

hairy cell leukemia

46
Q

This leukemia has increased mylocytic cell precursors from blast to mature neutrophil:

A

CML

47
Q

This leukemia is classified by >20% blasts present:

A

AML

48
Q

A physician orders interphase FISH to detect the BCR/ABL1 fusion protein. The results are positive. What is the karyotype likely to detect?

A

t(9;22) CML

49
Q

CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7 are what cell lineage?

A

T-cell lineage

50
Q

CD10 (calla), CD19, CD22 are what cell lineage?

A

B-cell lineage

51
Q

CD13 and CD33 are what cell lineage?

A

myeloid lineage

52
Q

JAK 2 mutation is are marker for what?

A

PV (polycythemia vera)

53
Q

Myelocytes with auer rods seen is representative of what leukemia?

A

APL (acute promyelocytic leukemia)

54
Q

Refractory anemia

A

<5% blasts present

55
Q

Refractory anemia with sideroblasts

A

<5% blasts with ringed sideroblasts

56
Q

Refractory anemial with excess blasts

A

5-20% blasts

57
Q

Lytic bone lesions, sheets of plasma cells in the BM, Rouleaux with red cells, serum protein monoclonal spike and urinary excretion of bence jones protein (IgG) is indicative of what disease process?

A

Multiple myeloma

58
Q

Normal bone scan, increased serum viscosity and increased IgM is indicative of what disease process?

A

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

59
Q

The Reed Sternberg cell is associated with what disease process?

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

60
Q

Increased TIBC is associated with what?

A

IDA

61
Q

Increased Ferritin is seen in what disease processes?

A

Thalassemia, Anemia of chronic disease (inflammation)

62
Q

What disease process will you see an increased Hg F?

A

Beta thalassemia

63
Q

What disease process will you see an decreased Hg A

A

Alpha thalassemia

64
Q

Heinz bodies are seen in what disease processes?

A

G6PD Deficiency
Thalassemia
Unstable hemoglobins

65
Q

Mciroangiopathic hemolytic anemai is characterized by:

A

Schitocytes and basophilic stippling

66
Q

In PV what parameter would be increased?

A

RBC count

67
Q

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is characterized by an increase in what?

A

Platelets >1 million

68
Q

What is the normal myeloid to erythroid ratio?

A

3:1-4:1

69
Q

Hemoglobin H disease is associated with which thalassemia?

A

Alpha Thalasemmia

70
Q

RDW range?

A

11.5-14.5

71
Q

Adults reference range for Hg A?

A

> 95%

72
Q

Adult reference range for Hg A2?

A

1.5-3.7%

73
Q

Adult reference range for Hg F?

A

<2%

74
Q

Which cells stain strongly with myeloperoxidase?

A

neutrophils

75
Q

A hypercellular bone marrow has an M:E ratio of 10:1. This indicates:

A

Increased leukopoiesis

76
Q

In which hematological disorder would you expect to encounter an increased total binding capacity (TIBC)?

A

IDA

77
Q

Serum iron normal
TIBC decreased
Serum ferritin increased

A

anemia of chronic disease

78
Q

In which disorder are increases in Hgb A2 and F seen?

A

Beta Thalassemia

79
Q

The most common type of acute leukemia in children?

A

Pre-B ALL

80
Q

No detectable B cells in the bone marrow but a normal amount of T cells. It is X linked.

A

Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinemia

81
Q

Infants with sickle cell disease typically do not become symptomatic until 6 months of age. How do you explain this?

A

The concentration of Hemoglobin F predominates over Hgb S.

82
Q

Severe combined immunodeficiency exhibits:

A

decreased or dysfunctional T and B cells

83
Q

t(15;17)

A

APL

84
Q

the major iron storage compound?

A

Ferritin

85
Q

A decreased value of this indicated no iron stores?

A

Ferritin

86
Q

Oval macrocytes, decreased B12 and positive Intrinsic Factor antibodies (IF) are indicative of what disease?

A

Pernicious Anemia (PA)

87
Q

What is the molecular structure of Hgb F?

A

2 alpha

2 gamma

88
Q

What is the molecular structure of Hgb A?

>95% of adult hemoglobin

A

2 alpha

2 beta

89
Q

What is the molecular structure of Hgb A2?

A

2 alpha

2 delta

MLS hematology 2020 (1 decks)

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