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MLS hematology 2020 > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

bite cells, blister cells, heinz bodies (denatured hgb, super vital stain) what disease process is this?

A

G6PD deficiency

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2
Q

Antibodies attack ADAMTS13 so that it loses its function and big, uncut vWB factor (ULVWM) clogs the microvasculature. This causes clotting issues and sheer stress.

A

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

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3
Q

What globulin chains do adults have?

A

2- alpha

2- beta

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4
Q

What globulin chains does the fetus have?

A

2- alpha

2- gamma

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5
Q

Rare disorder of the erythrocytes membrane. The defect makes the cell abnormally sensitive to lysis of complement.

A

PNH (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)

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6
Q

Large platelets, decreased plts, Dohle bodies in segs.

A

May-Hagglin anomoly

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7
Q

Large purpulish granules in cytoplasm incompletely degraded mucopolysaccharides.

A

Alder-Riley

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8
Q

Causes recurrent bacterial infections and the WBCs have bluish-gray inclusions.

A

Chediak-Higashi

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9
Q

Condition where there is a chronic sustained leukocytosis and all stages of cell maturation are seen?

A

Myeloproliferative Disorders

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10
Q

CD13 and CD33

A

Myeloid cells

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11
Q

CD41 and CD61

A

Megakaryoblasts

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12
Q

Calculate MCV

A

HCT/RBC x 10

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13
Q

Calculate MCH

A

HGB/RBC x 10

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14
Q

Calculate MCHC

A

HB/HCT x 100

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15
Q

What cells is increased in bacterial infections?

A

Neutrophil

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16
Q

What cell is increased in viral infections?

A

Lymphocyte

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17
Q

Calculate WBC

A

of cells counted x (1/0.9) x dilution factor

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18
Q

Calculate hematocrit

A

hgb/rbc

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19
Q

t(15:17)

A

APL (acute promyelocytic leukemia)

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20
Q

t(9;22) philadelphia chromosome

bcr/abl fusion gene

A

CML (chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

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21
Q

t(8;21)

A

AML

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22
Q

Expected RBC indicies in a patient with rouleaux?

A

RBC decreased

MCV, MCHC increased

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23
Q

Blasts that stain with myeloperoxidase and specific esterase are in what lineage?

A

myleocytic

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24
Q

Retic reference range?

A

0.5-1.5%

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25
IDA, Chronic disease/inflammation, lead poisoning and Thalassemia Trait fall in what anemia classification?
Microcytic/hypochromic
26
B12, pernicous anemia and malabsorption/dietary, folate deficiency, liver disease/alcholism fall under what anemia classification?
Macrocytic
27
This macrocytic anemia with have decrease B12, oval macrocytes, hypersegemented polys, H-J bodies?
B12 deficiency
28
If a paient is suspected to have PA what test should be run?
Anti-IF factor (positive), MMA (methymalonic acid), homocystine
29
Antibody mediated anemia showing nornmocytic/normchromic anemia include what disease processes?
PCH Cold agglutinin Disease Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia
30
Anemia caused by these diseases is due to a membrane defect:
Herediatry spherocytosis Hereditary Elliptocytosis PNH
31
Anemia due to an enzyme deficiency:
G6PD (heinz bodies) | PK (no heinz bodies)
32
Anemia due to decreased production of EPO or loss, dry tap during bone marrow, hypocellular bone marrow, decreased retics and pancytopenia:
Aplastic anemia Acute blood loss Chronic renal failure
33
A cytokine produced that increases production of platelets?
TPO
34
Patients with this genetic disorder are sometimes partial albino:
Chediak Higashi
35
What represents the biochemical composition of pappenheimer bodies?
Iron
36
H-J bodies are composed of what?
DNA
37
Basophilic stippling is composed of what?
RNA
38
Pappenheimer bodies are composed of what?
Iron
39
Heinz bodies are composed of what?
Denatured Hgb
40
Cabot rings are composed of what?
remnants of mitotic spindle
41
A hypocellular bone marrow has an M;E ratio of 5:1 what does this indicate?
Decreased erythropoiesis
42
In a hypercellular bone marrow what would be increased?
erythropoiesis
43
An increased LAP is indicative of what?
leukemoid reaction
44
A decreased LAP is indicative of what?
CML
45
This leukemia will have lymphocytes with cytoplasmic projections, is TRAP positive and is CD 103, CD 11 and CD 25 positive
hairy cell leukemia
46
This leukemia has increased mylocytic cell precursors from blast to mature neutrophil:
CML
47
This leukemia is classified by >20% blasts present:
AML
48
A physician orders interphase FISH to detect the BCR/ABL1 fusion protein. The results are positive. What is the karyotype likely to detect?
t(9;22) CML
49
CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7 are what cell lineage?
T-cell lineage
50
CD10 (calla), CD19, CD22 are what cell lineage?
B-cell lineage
51
CD13 and CD33 are what cell lineage?
myeloid lineage
52
JAK 2 mutation is are marker for what?
PV (polycythemia vera)
53
Myelocytes with auer rods seen is representative of what leukemia?
APL (acute promyelocytic leukemia)
54
Refractory anemia
<5% blasts present
55
Refractory anemia with sideroblasts
<5% blasts with ringed sideroblasts
56
Refractory anemial with excess blasts
5-20% blasts
57
Lytic bone lesions, sheets of plasma cells in the BM, Rouleaux with red cells, serum protein monoclonal spike and urinary excretion of bence jones protein (IgG) is indicative of what disease process?
Multiple myeloma
58
Normal bone scan, increased serum viscosity and increased IgM is indicative of what disease process?
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
59
The Reed Sternberg cell is associated with what disease process?
Hodgkin lymphoma
60
Increased TIBC is associated with what?
IDA
61
Increased Ferritin is seen in what disease processes?
Thalassemia, Anemia of chronic disease (inflammation)
62
What disease process will you see an increased Hg F?
Beta thalassemia
63
What disease process will you see an decreased Hg A
Alpha thalassemia
64
Heinz bodies are seen in what disease processes?
G6PD Deficiency Thalassemia Unstable hemoglobins
65
Mciroangiopathic hemolytic anemai is characterized by:
Schitocytes and basophilic stippling
66
In PV what parameter would be increased?
RBC count
67
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is characterized by an increase in what?
Platelets >1 million
68
What is the normal myeloid to erythroid ratio?
3:1-4:1
69
Hemoglobin H disease is associated with which thalassemia?
Alpha Thalasemmia
70
RDW range?
11.5-14.5
71
Adults reference range for Hg A?
>95%
72
Adult reference range for Hg A2?
1.5-3.7%
73
Adult reference range for Hg F?
<2%
74
Which cells stain strongly with myeloperoxidase?
neutrophils
75
A hypercellular bone marrow has an M:E ratio of 10:1. This indicates:
Increased leukopoiesis
76
In which hematological disorder would you expect to encounter an increased total binding capacity (TIBC)?
IDA
77
Serum iron normal TIBC decreased Serum ferritin increased
anemia of chronic disease
78
In which disorder are increases in Hgb A2 and F seen?
Beta Thalassemia
79
The most common type of acute leukemia in children?
Pre-B ALL
80
No detectable B cells in the bone marrow but a normal amount of T cells. It is X linked.
Bruton's X-linked agammaglobulinemia
81
Infants with sickle cell disease typically do not become symptomatic until 6 months of age. How do you explain this?
The concentration of Hemoglobin F predominates over Hgb S.
82
Severe combined immunodeficiency exhibits:
decreased or dysfunctional T and B cells
83
t(15;17)
APL
84
the major iron storage compound?
Ferritin
85
A decreased value of this indicated no iron stores?
Ferritin
86
Oval macrocytes, decreased B12 and positive Intrinsic Factor antibodies (IF) are indicative of what disease?
Pernicious Anemia (PA)
87
What is the molecular structure of Hgb F?
2 alpha | 2 gamma
88
What is the molecular structure of Hgb A? | >95% of adult hemoglobin
2 alpha | 2 beta
89
What is the molecular structure of Hgb A2?
2 alpha | 2 delta

MLS hematology 2020 (1 decks)

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