Hematology

Question 1

Iron panel for sideroblastic anemia

Answer 1

High iron and normal ferritin and TIBC

Question 2

What type of anemia is seen in renal failure?

Answer 2

Normocytic

Question 3

Labs for hemolytic anemia

Answer 3

Increased iron, LDH and INDIRECT bilirubin; low haptoglobin

Question 4

How does avascular necrosis present?

Answer 4

pain on abduction and internal rotation of the hip

Question 5

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head- diagnosis

Answer 5

X-ray => MRI

Question 6

What lowers mortality in sickle cell

Answer 6

hydroxyurea and antibiotics (ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin)

Question 7

When is exchange transfusion done for sickle cell

Answer 7

Vasoocclusive crisis: acute chest, priaprism, stroke, visual disturbance

Question 8

Hereditary spherocytosis vs autoimmune hemolysis

Answer 8

Spherocytosis: positive osmotic fragility
Autoimmune: positive Coombs

Question 9

Autoimmune hemolysis: warm vs cold; dx and causes

Answer 9

Warm: IgG; drugs, cancer, rheumatology
Cold: IgM; autoimmune antibodies

Question 10

Features of cryoglobulinemia

Answer 10

Hep C, joint pain, glomerulonephritis

Question 11

Warm vs cold autoimmune hemolysis; treatment

Answer 11

Warm: Steroids, IVIG
Cold: Rituxumab, cyclophosphamide; NO STEROIDS

Question 12

Which anemias are positive prussian blue

Answer 12

Sideroblastic and G6PD

Question 13

Labs and features of TTP-HUS

Answer 13

ADAMS TS13 mutation
hyaline clot with normal PT, PTT, fibrinogen, and d-dimer levels
Fever, anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure, neurologic sx

Question 14

Tx of TTP

Answer 14

Plasmapheresis

Question 15

What is the most common cause of death/complication of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Answer 15

Venous thrombosis

Question 16

Pruritus after warm shower?

Answer 16

Polycythemia vera

Question 17

Labs for polycythemia vera

Answer 17

Low EPO, high RDW, high B12, low MCV

Question 18

AML treatment/key features

Answer 18

M3 version gets treated with Vitamin A

Auer rods

Question 19

ALL treatment/key features

Answer 19

Give intrathecal Ara-C or methotrexate to prevent relapse in CNS
Seen in young adults

Question 20

CML vs leukomoid reaction

Answer 20

CML has a low LAP score and metamyelocytes < myelocytes

Question 21

Treatment for CML

Answer 21

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors: imatinib

Question 22

Hodgkin vs non-hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 22

Hodgkin has reed sternburg cells

Question 23

CLL features

Answer 23

smudge cells; patient is usually asymptomatic

Question 24

Non hodgkin lymphoma dx

Answer 24

Excision lymph node biopsy

Question 25

Treatment for hairy cell

Answer 25

cladribine

Question 26

MM vs MGUS vs Waldenstrom Ig

Answer 26

MM: IgG (bone lesions)
MGUS: IgG or IgA (yearly screen because can become MM)
Waldenstrom: IgM (blurry vision, vertgio, hyperviscostiy, peripheral neuropathy)

Question 27

ITP treatment

Answer 27

Steroids; isolated low platelets DO NOT GIVE PLATELETS

Question 28

WVF labs

Answer 28

normal platelet count, PT, and PTT with epistaxis, gingival bleeding

Question 29

WVF treatment

Answer 29

DDVAP

Question 30

Hemophilia labs

Answer 30

Normal PT, increased PTT

X linked RECESSIVE

Question 31

DIC labs

Answer 31

low fibrinogen and platelets, high PT and PTT and D-dimer

Question 32

DIC treatment

Answer 32

Blood, platelets, FFP