HEMATOLOGY Flashcards
what is the underlying cause of all manifestations accompanying anemia?
TISSUE HYPOXIA
a condition which the hemoglobin concentration is lower than normal
ANEMIA
not a disease itself but a sign of an underlying disorder
ANEMIA
the most common hematologic disorder
ANEMIA
what is the 3 classifications of anemia?
Hypoproliferative
Hemorrhagic
Hemolytic
what is the characteristic of hemolytic?
destruction; altered erythropoesis (sickle cell, thallasemia), hypersplenism, drug induced, auto immune
bleeding; >500 mL blood loss
Hemorrhagic
a defective RBC production; Iron deficiency, Vit. B12 and folate deficiency; decreased erythropoetin
Hypoproliferation
What are the common clinical manifestation of anemia?
pallor, easy fatigability; shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion bleeding, weight loss, weakness, palpitation; hypotension; anorexia, tarry stools in GI, headache, dizziness
Name 4 possible complication of anemia
heart failure
Angina
paresthesia
confusion
what are the nursing interventions for anemia?
managing fatigue
maintaining adequate nutrition and perfusion
promoting compliance with prescribed therapy
monitoring and managing complications
It is associated with vit. B12 deficiency
Megaloblastic anemias
more commonly caused by faulty absorption from the GI tract - crohn’s disease, or after ileal resection or gastrectomy
Megaloblastic anemia - vit. B12 deficiency
RBC size is bigger than normal in microscopic examination
Megaloblastic Anemia
What does disease involving the ileum or pancreas destroys or affects?
Impairs absorption (of Vit. B12)
