Hematological Neoplasms terms

Question 1

*anemia

Answer 1

decreased red blood cell (RBC) count

Question 2

band cell

Answer 2

slightly immature neutrophil

Question 3

blast cell

Answer 3

primitive white blood cell (WBC)

Question 4

cytokines

Answer 4

proteins produced by leukocytes that are vital to regulation of hematopoiesis, apoptosis, and immune responses

Question 5

differentiation

Answer 5

development of functions and characteristics that are different from those of the parent stem cell

Question 6

erythrocyte

Answer 6

a cellular component of blood involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide (synonym: red blood cell)

Question 7

erythropoiesis

Answer 7

process of the formation of RBCs

Question 8

erythropoietin

Answer 8

hormone produced primarily by the kidney; necessary for erythropoiesis

Question 9

fibrin

Answer 9

filamentous protein; basis of thrombus and blood clot

Question 10

fibrinogen

Answer 10

protein converted into fibrin to form thrombus and clot

Question 11

fibrinolysis

Answer 11

process of breakdown of fibrin clot

Question 12

granulocyte

Answer 12

granulated WBC (i.e., neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil); sometimes used synonymously with neutrophil

Question 13

hematocrit

Answer 13

percentage of total blood volume consisting of RBCs

Question 14

hematopoiesis

Answer 14

complex process of the formation and maturation of blood cells

Question 15

hemoglobin

Answer 15

iron-containing protein of RBCs; delivers oxygen to tissues

Question 16

hemostasis

Answer 16

intricate balance between clot formation and clot dissolution

Question 17

histiocytes

Answer 17

cells present in all loose connective tissue, capable of phagocytosis

Question 18

leukocyte

Answer 18

one of several cellular components of blood involved in defense of the body; subtypes include neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes (synonym: white blood cell)

Question 19

*leukopenia

Answer 19

less-than-normal amount of WBCs in circulation

Question 20

lymphocyte

Answer 20

form of WBC involved in immune functions

Question 21

lymphoid

Answer 21

pertaining to lymphocytes

Question 22

macrophage

Answer 22

reticuloendothelial cells capable of phagocytosis

Question 23

myeloid

Answer 23

pertaining to nonlymphoid blood cells that differentiate into RBCs, platelets, macrophages, mast cells, and various WBCs

Question 24

myelopoiesis

Answer 24

formation and maturation of cells derived from myeloid stem cell

Question 25

natural killer (NK) cells

Answer 25

immune cells that accumulate in lymphoid tissue that are potent killers of virus-infected and cancer cells

Question 26

neutrophil

Answer 26

fully mature WBC capable of phagocytosis; primary defense against bacterial infection

Question 27

nucleated RBC

Answer 27

immature form of RBC; portion of nucleus remains within the RBC

Question 28

oxyhemoglobin

Answer 28

combined form of oxygen and hemoglobin; found in arterial blood

Question 29

phagocytosis

Answer 29

process of cellular ingestion and digestion of foreign bodies

Question 30

plasma

Answer 30

liquid portion of blood

Question 31

plasminogen

Answer 31

protein converted to plasmin to dissolve thrombi and clots

Question 32

platelet

Answer 32

a cellular component of blood involved in blood coagulation (synonym: thrombocyte)

Question 33

red blood cell (RBC)

Answer 33

a cellular component of blood involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide (synonym: erythrocyte)

Question 34

reticulocytes

Answer 34

slightly immature RBCs, usually only 1% of total circulating RBCs

Question 35

reticuloendothelial system

Answer 35

complex system of cells throughout the body capable of phagocytosis

Question 36

serum

Answer 36

portion of blood remaining after coagulation occurs

Question 37

stem cell

Answer 37

primitive cell, capable of self-replication and differentiation into myeloid or lymphoid stem cell

Question 38

stroma

Answer 38

component of the bone marrow not directly related to hematopoiesis but serves important supportive roles in this process

Question 39

thrombocyte

Answer 39

a cellular component of blood involved in blood coagulation (synonym: platelet)

Question 40

white blood cell (WBC)

Answer 40

one of several cellular components of blood involved in defense of the body; subtypes include neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes (synonym: leukocyte)