Hematologic Problems Flashcards
What is a Hemogram blood test?
The Hemogram blood test is a complete blood count (CBC) that measures the cells that make up blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets.
Why is a complete blood count (CBC) test ordered?
A complete blood count (CBC) test is routinely ordered by healthcare providers to measure how healthy someone is at any given time.
What components does a complete blood count (CBC) measure?
Several different components of a person’s blood composition:
1. including red blood cells,
2. white blood cells,
3. hemoglobin,
4. hematocrit, and
5. platelets.
What does the Hemogram blood test indicate about a person’s health?
The overall health of a person by measuring different blood components and their levels.
How often is the Hemogram blood test performed?
The Hemogram blood test is routinely ordered by healthcare providers, indicating it is performed regularly as part of health assessments.
What is the reference range for Red Blood Cells (RBC) in females and males?
4.2-5.4 million/µL for females
4.7-6.1 million/µL for males.
What is the normal range for Hemoglobin (HgB) in females and males?
12-16 g/dL for females
14-18 g/dL for males.
What are the normal Hematocrit (HCT) levels for females and males?
37%-47% for females
42%-52% for males.
Abnormal fid
What do decreased and increased levels of RBC, HgB, HCT suggest?
Decreased levels - indicate possible anemia or hemorrhage.
Increased levels - suggest possible chronic hypoxia or polycythemia vera (rare form of blood cancer).
High RBC - risk for blood clots
What does Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) measure in relation to red blood cells (RBCs)?
MCV measures the average size of individual RBCs and is useful for classifying anemias.
What does a decreased and an elevated MCV indicate about red blood cells?
A decreased MCV indicates that the red blood cells are smaller than normal (microcytic), such as in iron deficiency anemia.
An elevated MCV indicates that the red blood cells are larger than normal (macrocytic), which is seen in megaloblastic anemias such as vitamin B12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, and folate deficiency.
What is the normal range for Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)?
The normal range for MCV is 80-95 fL.
How is MCV useful in the context of anemia?
For classifying different types of anemia based on the size of the red blood cells.
What does Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) measure?
Average amount of HgB by weight in a single RBC.
What does Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) measure?
Average amount of HgB by percentage in a single RBC.
What happens when MCHC is decreased?
Cell has HgB deficiency and is hypochromic (lighter color).
What condition is associated with decreased MCHC?
Iron deficiency anemia.
What does RDW stand for?
RBC Distribution Width
What is the normal range for RDW?
11.5% to 15%
What does a high RDW indicate?
Possible macrocytic or microcytic anemia
What is the purpose of a reticulocyte count?
Measures how fast reticulocytes made by bone marrow are released into the blood.
What is the normal range for reticulocyte count?
0.5% to 2.5%
What can a high reticulocyte count indicate?
Possible anemia
How is RDW used in conjunction with MCV?
To determine the type of anemia