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PHARMACOLOGY 2 - HEMATOLOGIC LESSON 1 > Hematologic Lesson 1 - DRUGS > Flashcards

Hematologic Lesson 1 - DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the therapeutic range/ heparin level for aPTT (acitivated partial thrombosplatin time)

A

1.5 to 2.5 times the control value (about 30-80 seconds)

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2
Q

What is the therapeutic range/heparin level for Protamine titration?

A

0.2 to 0.4 unit/mL

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3
Q

What is the therapeutic range/heparin level for Anti-Xa units?

A

0.3 to 0.7 unit/mL

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4
Q

What is the INR range for DVT/PE?

A

2.0 to 3.0

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5
Q

What is the INR range for Atrial Fibrillation?

A

2.0 to 3.0

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6
Q

What is the INR range for Myocardial Infraction?

A

2.0 to 3.0

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7
Q

What is the INR range for Mechanical Heart Valves?

A

2.5 to 3.5

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8
Q

Drugs for Enzyme induction in pharmacokinetic effects

A
  1. Barbiturate
  2. Rifampin
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9
Q

Drugs for Enzyme inhibition in pharmacokinetic effecrts

A
  1. Cimetidine
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10
Q

Drugs for reduced plasma protein binding in pharmacokinetic effects

A
  1. Phenylbutazone
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11
Q

Impaired hemostasis,
reduced clotting factor synthesis, as in
hepatic disease

A

Synergism

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12
Q

Vitamin K

A

Competitive antagonism

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13
Q

Hereditary resistance to oral anticoagulants

A

An altered physiologic control loop for
vitamin K

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14
Q

What are the drugs under the prevention of embolic stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrilation

A
  1. Apixaban
  2. Edoxaban
  3. Rivaroxaban
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15
Q

What are the drugs under the prevention of venous thromboembolism followwing hip or knee surgery

A
  1. Apixaban
  2. Rivaroxaban
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16
Q

What are the drugs under the treatment of venous thromboembolic disease (VTE)

A
  1. Apixaban
  2. Edoxaban
  3. Rivaroxaban
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17
Q

First antidote approved
for use in patients treated with anti-Xa
agents who require rapid reversal for
surgery or uncontrolled bleeding

A

Andexanet alfa

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18
Q

Drugs under Parenteral Direct Thrombon Inhibitors

A
  1. Hirudin
  2. Lepirudin
  3. Bivalirudin
  4. Argatroban
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19
Q

Irreversible thrombin inhibitor
from leech saliva

A

Hirudin

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20
Q

Recombinant form of Hirudin

A

Lepirudin

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21
Q

With a rapid onset and offset of action

A

Bivalirudin

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22
Q

Given by continuous IV
infusion due to short half-lifeaPTT

A

Argatroban

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23
Q

Drugs under Oral Direct Thrombin Inhibitor

A

Dabigatran etexilate mesylate

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24
Q

Rapid onset and offset of action allow
immediate anticoagulation

A

Dabigatran etexilate mesylate

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25
Q

Use in patients with thrombosis
related to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

A

Lepirudin

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26
Q

FDA-approved for use in percutaneous coronary angioplasty

A

Bivalirudin

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27
Q

FDA-approved for use in patients with HIT with or without thrombosis and coronary angioplasty in patients with HIT

A

Argatroban

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28
Q

Approved for use in Europe for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients who have
undergone hip or knee replacement surgery

A

Dabigatran

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29
Q

Monitored by
aPTT

A
  1. Lepirudin
  2. Argatroban
30
Q

PTT, thrombin time, and ecarin clotting time [(ECT)

A

Dabigatran

31
Q

Clotting test
based on the use of a protein isolated
from viper venom] can be use to estimate
drug effect

A

Dabigatran

32
Q

Humanized monoclonal
antibody Fab fragment binds to dabigatran and reverses the anticoagulant effect

A

Idarucizumab

33
Q

Approved for use in situations requiring
emergent surgery or for life-threatening
bleeding

A

Idarucizumab

34
Q

Drugs under GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist

A
  1. Abciximab
  2. Eptifibatide
  3. Tirofiban
35
Q

Drugs under ADP receptor antagonist

A
  1. Ticlopidine
  2. Clopidogrel
  3. Prasugrel
36
Q

Drugs under TXA2 (COX) inhibitor

A

Aspirin

37
Q

Drugs under PDE/ adenosin uptake inhibitor

A
  1. Dipyridamole
  2. Cilostazol
38
Q

What is the mechanism of action of aspirin under Antithrombotic?

A

Inhibits COX, thus prevents TXA2 (a potent platelet aggregating substance) and PGs formation

39
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Clopidogrel and Ticlopidine under Antithrombotic?

A

Inhibit ADP pathway of platelet formation

40
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dipyridamole under Antithrombotic?

A

Inhibits platelet function by inhibiting adenosine uptake and cGMP phosphodiesterare (PDE) activity

41
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Cilostazol under Antithrombotic?

A

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor that promotes vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation

42
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Abciximab, Eptifibatide and Tirofiban under Antitrombotic?

A

Inhibit GP IIb/IIIa, a glycoprotein receptor molecule necessary for platelet aggregation

43
Q

A fat-soluble substance
found primarily in leafy green vegetables

A

Vitamin K

44
Q

A drug found in
food

A

Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione)

45
Q

A drug found in
human tissues and is synthesized by
intestinal bacteria

A

Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)

46
Q

It is currently administered to all newborns to prevent the hemorrhagic disease

A

Vitamin K1

47
Q

How many hours does vitamin K1 can delayed onset effect

A

6 hours

48
Q

How many hours is the complete effect of Vitami K1 when treating depression of prothrombin activity caused by excess warfarin or vitamin K deficiency

A

24 hours

49
Q

What are the available administration for vitamin K1?

A

Oral adn parenteral forms

50
Q

Intravenous administration of vitamin K1 should be slow, if rapid infusion occurs it can produce what?

A
  1. Dyspnea
  2. Chest pain
  3. Back pain
  4. Death
51
Q

It is best achieved with
intravenous or oral administration
because its bioavailability after
subcutaneous administration is erratic

A

Vitamin K repletion

52
Q

It is used for the treatment of Warfarin overdosage and Vitamin K deficiency

A

Vitamin K

53
Q

Water soluble; ineffective in warfarin overdosage

A

Vitamine K3 (Menadione)

54
Q

It is frequently occurs in
hospitalized patients in intensive care units because of poor diet, parenteral nutrition, recent surgery, multiple
antibiotic therapy, and uremia

A

Vitamin K deficiency

55
Q

Used as a treatment of blood clotting factors
deficiencies

A

Plasma Fractions

56
Q

Factor VIII deficiency

A
  1. Classic hemophilia
  2. Hemophilia A
57
Q

Factor IX deficiency

A
  1. Christmas disease
  2. Hemophilia B
58
Q

Factors under plasma fractions

A
  1. Factor VIII deficiency
  2. Factor IX deficiency
  3. Lyophilized factor VIII
59
Q

A factor VIII-Fc domain conjugate that prolongs the factor VIII half-life and allows twice-weekly dosing

A

Eloctate

60
Q

A factor IX-albumin conjugate with a
half-life of 100 hours

A

Idelvion

61
Q

FDA-approved for prophylaxis or treatment of
bleeding in hemophilia B patients

A

Idelvion

62
Q

A factor VIII concentrate approved by the FDA for the treatment of bleeding associated
with von Willebrand disease

A

Humate-P

63
Q

A recombinant von Willebrand factor
product approved for treatment and control of bleeding in adults with von Willebrand disease

A

Vonicog alfa

64
Q

Used for factor deficiencies for which no recombinant form of the protein is available

A

Fresh frozen plasma

65
Q

A four-factor plasma replacement preparation containing vitamin K–dependent factors II VII, IX, and X

A

4F PCC (Kcentra)

66
Q

For rapid reversal of warfarin in bleeding
patients

A

4F PCC (Kcentra)

67
Q

Increases the factor VIII activity of patients
with mild hemophilia A or von Willebrand
disease

A

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE

68
Q

Can be used in preparation for minor
surgery such as tooth extraction and available in high-dose intranasal
desmopressin

A

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE

68
Q

Can be used in preparation for minor
surgery such as tooth extraction and available in high-dose intranasal
desmopressin

A

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE

69
Q

Plasma protein fraction obtainable from
whole blood

A

CRYOPRECIPITATE

70
Q

Used to treat deficiencies or qualitative abnormalities of fibrinogen

A

CRYOPRECIPITATE

70
Q
A

PHARMACOLOGY 2 - HEMATOLOGIC LESSON 1 (2 decks)

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