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hemostasis > Hema,chap 9,10 > Flashcards

Hema,chap 9,10 Flashcards

1
Q

A group of cells who primary purpose is to defend against bacteria, virus, fungi, and other foreign substances.

A

Leukocytes (WBC)

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2
Q

granules that have
enzymes used for digestion and destruction.

A

Most leukocytes

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3
Q

Leukocytes are located in

A

bone marrow,
circulation, and tissues, and some may be
stored in the spleen.

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4
Q

The term Myelocytic used interchangeably for granulocyte to describe conditions such as:

A

chromic granulocytic leukemia or chronic myelocytic leukemia

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5
Q

The followings are Leukocyte Maturation

A

 Cell size
 N:C ratio
 Chromatin pattern
 Cytoplasmic quality
 Presence of granules

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6
Q

Name the types of Leukocytes?

A

There are 5 stages for NEUTROPHILS
4 for EOSINOPHILS and BASOPHILS
3 for MONOCYTES and LYMPHOCYTES

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7
Q

Stages of Neutrophils from least to most mature are?

A

(mpmmbs)
 Myeloblast
nucleus has thin chromatin strands
 Promyelocyte
larger than a blast
 Myelocyte
small pink-purple granules
nucleus stains deeper color
 Metamyelocyte
nuclear indentation
 Band
no filament
 Segmented
2 – 5 Lobes of nucleus

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8
Q

 Eosinophils

A

Red-orange specific granules

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9
Q

Monocyte Maturation

A

 Monoblast
 Promonocyte
 Monocyte
 Chromatin is loosely weaved, lacy, open, and
thin

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10
Q

Lymphocytes
Primary locations ?

A

 Bone marrow
 Thymus

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11
Q

Lymphocytes Secondary locations?

A

 Spleen
 Lymph nodes
 Peyer’s patches
 Tonsils

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12
Q

Lymphocyte Population
Two general subpopulation of Lymphocytes.

A

B-Lymphocytes
T-Lymphocytes

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13
Q

The Primary function of the Lymphocytes is ?

A

Immunologic: recognizing what is foreign, or nonself ,forming antibodies, and securing immunity. Nonself or foreign substances include bacteria, cell substances, proteins, and virus.

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14
Q

Both B-Lymphocytes and
T-Lymphocytes appear morphologically similar on peripheral smear. However, their function and deviation are quite different.

A

Remember that.

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15
Q

Cell differential (CD) markers – surface antigens

A

B lymphocytes comprise
 10 – 20% of total lymphocytes population
 Mature to plasma cells that secrete antibodies
 Humoral immunity
 Mature in bone marrow

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16
Q

which of the following cells are responsible for secreting antibody production and humoral immunity?

A

The Plasma cell

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17
Q

Which cells derive from bone marrow stem cell?

A

B lymphocytes

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18
Q

Cell differential (CD) markers – surface antigens

T lymphocytes comprise

A

 60 – 80% lymphocytes
 Cell mediated immunity
 Mature in thymus

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19
Q

These cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity

A

T-cell or T-lymphoblast

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20
Q

Which of the following cells after maturation migrates to to thymus?

A

T-cell or T-lymphocyte

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21
Q

Natural killer (NK) cells comprise

A

 <10% of lymphocytes
 Role in resisting bacteria, viruses, and fungi

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22
Q

These cells are responsible in in resisting bacteria, viruses, and fungi

A

Natural killer (NK) cells

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23
Q

Initially not responsive to antigen
 Antigen usually presented to body, then phagocytized

A

Lymphocytes

24
Q

Delayed hypersensitivity
Tumor suppression
Resistance to intracellular organisms
is a result of?

A

T cells respond.

25
Q

This cell releases lymphokines, which activate production of plasma
cells

A

T cells

26
Q

Response of Lymphocyte to
Antigenic Stimulator
T cells divided into two populations?

A

 T helper (CD4)
Interact with macrocytes and macrophages
Secrete cytokines
Promote humoral immunity
 T cytotoxic cells (CD8)
Promote memory cells
Promote enzyme activity to alter membrane
 B cells
Differentiate into plasma cells

27
Q

Which of the following cells interact with macrocyte and microphages ,secreting cytokines and promote humoral immunity.

A

T helper (CD4)

28
Q

Which of the following cells Promote memory cells,
Promote enzyme activity to alter membrane

A

T cytotoxic cells (CD8)

29
Q

Leukocyte Count

A

Counted by automatic or manual method
 Reference ranges created to determine if
counts are normal
 Critical values flagged and must be reviewed
 Peripheral smear evaluated for:
 Distribution at 10
 Estimate count at 40
 Differential count at oil immersion
 100 cells counted and differentiated
 Red cell and platelet morphology

30
Q

Values

A

Delta checks performed to check correct smear
was pulled
 Checks patient value with previous patient
values
 Relative white count
 Percentage of particular cell counted for 100 WBCs
 Absolute white count
 Count derived from total white count multiplied by
percentage of an particular white cell

31
Q

The primary lymphoid organs are the

A

bone marrow and thymus.

32
Q

Which one of these features distinguishes a monocyte from a lymphocyte?

A

Abundant gray-blue cytoplasm

33
Q

In which stage of neutrophilic maturation are specific secondary granules first seen?

A

Myelocyte

34
Q

Which CD marker is specific for monocytes?

A

d. CD14

35
Q

Which subpopulation of T cells alters the cell
membrane?

A

a. T cytotoxic

36
Q

Lymphocyte concentrations in peripheral blood are greatest during what age interval?

A

Immediately after birth

37
Q

The CBC results for a 3 month old in fact are as follows:
WBC 9.5x10^9/L differential
RBC 3.4x10^12/L
Hgb 6.7/dL
Hct 25%
Segmented neutrophils 25%
Lymphocytes 75%

The absolute lymphocyte count in this patient would be?

A

7.1x10^9/L

38
Q

Which CD markers is more appropriately associated with the myelocyte?

A

CD45, CD33, CD13

39
Q

Which CD markers is more appropriately associated with the T cell

A

CD4,CD8

40
Q

One of the primary glands in an infant responsible for lymphocyte origination is the?

A

Thymus gland

41
Q

Chap 10

A

Abnormalities of white blood cells:Quantitative and qualitatives,and lipid storage disease

42
Q
  1. In which of the following conditions will monocytes be increased?
A

Tuberculosis

43
Q

Which is the causative agent in infectious mononucleosis?

A

EBV

44
Q

Qualitative changes in the white cell include all
except which of the following:

A

Gaucher’s cells

45
Q

The process of ingesting, digesting, and killing
bacteria is termed

A
46
Q

Qualitative changes in the white cell include all
except which of the following

A
47
Q
  1. Which of the following inclusions are usually only
    seen in the bone marrow?
A

Morulae from Ehlrichia infections

48
Q

Which of the following inclusions are more likely seen in acute infection?

A

Toxic granulation

49
Q

In which of the following conditions are monocytes increased ?

A

Tuberculosis

50
Q

In which conditions do we generally see hypersegmented neutrophils?

A

Megaloblastic anemia

51
Q

The process of ingesting ,digesting, and killing bacteria is term to ?

A

phagocytosis

52
Q

qualitative changes in the white blood cell include all of the following except ?

A

Gaucher’s cell

53
Q

A 17 year-old boy is admitted to the hospital for a fever of unknown origin. His WBC is 20.0 x 10 exponent 9/l all of the following can be seen on his peripheral smear exept?

A

Reactive monocytes

54
Q

A TYPICAL blood picture in infectious mononucleosis is an absolute

A

Lymphocytosis without anemia and with many reactive lymphocytes

55
Q

An increase in eosinophils may signify

A

allergies

56
Q

A white blood cell disorder that manifests with a low WBC, thrombocytopenia ,and a mulbery-like inclusion in the monocytes is ?

A

Human ehrlichoisis

57
Q

All of the following are mechanisms by which neutropenia is usually produced except

A

decreased production by the bone marrow

hemostasis (1 decks)

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