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Hema Flashcards

1
Q

In an electronic cell counter, a falsely elevated hematocrit was obtained. Which would be affected? (3)

A

MCV
MCHC
RDW

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2
Q

Derived from RBC histogram (2)

A

MCV

RDW

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3
Q

Derived from WBC histogram

A

MPV

PDW

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4
Q

Calculated from measured and derived values

A

Hematocrit
MCH
MCHC

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5
Q

Small cell with curve nucleus with more than 1/2 nuclear indentation. With presence of granules, cytoplasm is pale blue to light violet, there is low nucleus:cytoplasmic ratio

A

Band cell

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6
Q

Pathway of G6PD deficiency

A

Hexose Monophosphate

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7
Q

Most common problem in cell counting. It causes and increase in current and particles in lower threshold limit will be counted

A

Aperture plug

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8
Q

15 Codocytes/OIF were seen, the correct manner of reporting is

A

+2

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9
Q

Seen in Megaloblastic anemia (3)

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency
Folate deficiency
Vitamin B9 deficiency

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10
Q

Representation in x-axis (2)

A

Horizontal and Independent

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11
Q

Effect of microcytosis in platelet count using Hematology analyzer

A

Spurious increase

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12
Q

FAB classification in Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia

A

M7

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13
Q

Appearance of Pelguer-Huet anomaly

A

Pinz-nez

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14
Q

Composed of ribosomal RNA, associated with WBC anomaly which is seen in infection, burns and pregnancy

A

Dohle bodies

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15
Q

Inclusion body seen in lead poisoning

A

Basophilic stippling

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16
Q

RBC less than 6um

A

Microcytosis

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17
Q

RBC greater than 8um

A

Macrocytosis

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18
Q

Causes of underfilled tube (3)

A

Blood flow stopped
Minimal vacuum inside the tube
The tube was uncapped

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19
Q

Tests use to determine PNH (3)

A

Sucrose Hemolysis test
Sugar Water test
Acid Serum test

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20
Q

Causes positive instrumental errors (3)

A

Aperture plugs
Bubbles
Electrical pulses

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21
Q

Found in organelle zone (4)

A

Alpha granules
Dense granules
Mitochondria
Lysosomal granules

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22
Q

Slightly decrease in platelet count

A

150,000-299,000/uL

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23
Q

Measured in 3 part differential hematology analyzer

A

Granulocyte
Monocyte
Lymphocyte

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24
Q

Measured in 5 part differential hematology analyzer

A 
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Monocyte
Lymphocyte
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25
Q

Lifespan of thrombocyte

A

10 days

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26
Q

Life span of erythrocyte

A

120 days

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27
Q

Formation of platelet plug is seen in

A

Primary Hemostasis

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28
Q

Formation of fibrin clot is seen in

A

Secondary Hemostasis

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29
Q

Reliable criterion to differentiate mature cells from immature cells

A

Nuclear chromatin

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30
Q

Vitamin K dependent factors (4)

A

“1(0)972”

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31
Q

Other name of Prekallekrein

A

Fletcher factor

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32
Q

Extramedullary site for blood production

A

Liver

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33
Q

D dimer positive in DIC as soon as

A

4 hours

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34
Q

Result of platelet retention in Multiple Myeloma

A

Reduced

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35
Q

RBC pathway that generates 2,3-DPG

A

Rapaport-Leubering pathway

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36
Q

RBC pathway that generates ATP

A

Embden-Meyerhoff pathway

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37
Q

Other name of Embden-Meyerhof pathway

A

Anaerobic Glycolytic Pathway

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38
Q

Effect of overanticoagulation in ESR

39
Q

Dilution to be used if WBC count is <3.0 x 10^9/L

A

1:10 or 1:11

40
Q

Dilution to be used if WBC count is 100-300 x 10^9/L

A

1:200 or 1:201

41
Q

Dilution to be used if WBC count is >30 x 10^9/L

A

1:100 or 1:101

42
Q

Euglobulin clot lysis time serves as

A

Screening test

43
Q

Used to differentiate Acute Myelogenous leukemia and Myelomonocytic leukemia from ALL

A

Sudan Black B

44
Q

Used to differentiate Acute Myelogenous leukemia and Monocytic leukemia from ALL

A

Peroxidase

45
Q

Is an appendage found on the outer surface of platelets

A

Glycocalyx

46
Q

Stage where DMS (Demarcating Membrane System) is first formed

A

Promegakaryocyte

47
Q

A condition with increase peripheral platelet destruction. It has decreased platelet count and increased MPV

A

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

48
Q

A macrophage monocyte defect in storage function in which accumulation of this metabolite will lead to damage or diminish metabolic activities

A

Hemochromatosis

49
Q

Myeloid leukemia without differentation

50
Q

Presence of Philadelphia chromosome

A

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

51
Q

Conditions where there is dimorphic RBC population (2)

A

Sideroblastic anemia

Iron deficiency anemia after iron therapy/transfusion

52
Q

Mature form of B cell (2)

A

Plasma cell

Memory cell

53
Q

Large lymphocyte with cytoplasmic globules containing immunoglobulins that can sometimes form a grape like pattern

A

Plasma cell

54
Q

Factor 8 deficiency

A

Hemophilia A

55
Q

Factor 9 deficiency

A

Hemophilia B

56
Q

Factor 11 deficiency

A

Hemophilia C/ Rosenthal Syndrome

57
Q

MCHC is computed using (2)

A

Hemoglobin

Hematocrit

58
Q

Appearance of Charcot Leyden crystal using Wright stain

A

Red, spindle shaped

59
Q

Affects PT and PTT levels

A

200mg/dL of fibrinogen

60
Q

▪️Autosomal dominant trait
▪️Characterized by decreased segmentation of the nucleus of granulocytes
▪️Coarseness and condensation of the nuclear chromatin in the granulocytes, lymphocytes and normoblasts
▪️Most frequently seen in heterozygous state, where less than 40% of neutrophils contain single lobed nucleus

A

Pelger Huet anomaly

61
Q

These changes are more evident in neutrophil, basophil and eosinophil where the nuclei will appear round, dumbbell shaped (“pinz-nez” appearance) or peanut shaped

A

Pelger Huet anomaly

62
Q

Affects primarily infants and is due to deficiency in sphingomyelinase that causes an accumulation of sphyngomyelin

A

Niemann pick disease

63
Q

Affected when plasma is stored

64
Q

In performing venipuncture, anchor vein with thumb _______ inches before the site, and inserting needle, bevel ______, with a ________ degree angle between the skin and the needle

A

1 to 2
Up
15 to 30

65
Q

Myeloperoxidase positive (4)

A 
LANE 
Leukemic blasts in FAB M1, M2, M3
Auer rods
Neutrophilic granulocytes (except normal blasts)
Eosinophils
66
Q

Myeloperoxidase positive/negative (1)

67
Q

Myeloperoxidase negative (4)

A

Myeloblasts
Lymphocyte cell series
Basophils
Erythrocytic cell series

68
Q

DiGuglielmo’s syndrome (Erythroleukemia/ Erythremic myelosis)

69
Q

Both an in vivo and in vitro anticoagulant

70
Q

Production of primary / non specific / azurophilic granules starts in

A

Promyelocyte

71
Q

Production of secondary / specific granules starts in

72
Q

Production of tertiary granules starts in

A

Metamyelocyte

73
Q

Decreased in Coumadin (Vitamin K) therapy (4)

A

7 ➡️ 10 ➡️ 9 ➡️ 2

“1(0)972”

74
Q

In making peripheral blood smears, this will produce uniform distribution of cells

A

Cover slip technique

75
Q

Appear as rods or cigars

A

Elliptocytes

76
Q

True regarding ESR (4)

A

▪️Proportional to the weight of cell aggregate
▪️Inversely proportional to the surface area
▪️Microcytes and irregularly shaped cells (ex. Sickle cell) = lower ESR
▪️Macrocytes and rouleaux formation = higher ESR

77
Q

Inhibits platelet activation by blocking cyclooxygenase (3)

A

Acetaminophen
Aspirin (Acetyl Salicylic Acid)
Ibuprofen

78
Q

Proper execution of preparing smear using manual wedge technique

A

Smooth and Rapid

79
Q

Still viable for evaluation on air dried smears stored at cool temperature in the dark for 2 weeks

80
Q

Decrease pressure
Increase angle
Increase speed
Increase size of blood drop

A

Thick smear

81
Q

Increase pressure
Decrease angle
Decrease speed
Decrease size of blood drop

A

Thin smear

82
Q

Bone marrow malignancy

83
Q

Anticoagulated microhematocrit

84
Q

Non anticoagulated microhematocrit

85
Q

D shaped immature cell and it is the last cell capable of mitosis

86
Q

Top layer in spun hematocrit

A

Fatty layer

87
Q

Second layer in spun hematocrit

88
Q

Third layer in spun hematocrit

A

Buffy coat (platelets and WBCs)

89
Q

Fourth layer in spun hematocrit

A

Packed red blood cells

90
Q

Fifth layer in spun hematocrit

A

Sealant (4 to 6 mm)

91
Q

Gower I hemoglobin

A

2 zeta, 2 epsilon

92
Q

Gower II hemoglobin

A

2 epsilon, 2 alpha

93
Q

Portland hemoglobin

A

2 zeta, 2 gamma

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