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HEMATOLOGY > HEMA 1 > Flashcards

HEMA 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Average human possesses of blood

A

5L

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2
Q

how many percent of the blood we have in our BODY WEIGHT

A

7-8%

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3
Q

transport oxygen from lungs to tissue

A

Blood

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4
Q

Clears Oxygen

A

Blood

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5
Q

how many PLASMA the blood contains?

A

55%

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6
Q

How many percent FORMED ELEMENTS (CELLS) the blood have?

A

45%

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7
Q

treat all specimens such as blood, body fluids & unfixed tissues to be potentially infectious

A

Standard precaution

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8
Q

minimum PPE standard?

A

Gloves

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9
Q

most effective way of breaking the chain of infection

A

HANDWASHING

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10
Q

wet hands and wrist thoroughly under__________?

A

running water

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11
Q

apply germicidal soap and ________

A

rub hands vigorously

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12
Q

how long based on rodaks need to rub your hand vigorously?

A

atleast 15 seconds

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13
Q

how long based on strasinger need to rub your hand vigorously?

A

20 seconds

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14
Q

Rinse hands _______?

A

downward flow

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15
Q

dry hands with ______?

A

paper towel

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16
Q

what is the last step in handwashing?

A

use the paper towel to turn off the faucet

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17
Q

the process of destroyingpathogenic microorganisms in inanimate objects

A

disinfection

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18
Q

kill the pathogens

A

disinfection

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19
Q

what is the appropriate disinfectant

A

household bleach or sodium hypochlorite

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20
Q

appropriate disinfectant used in volume dilution which is prepared daily

A

1:10 volume

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21
Q

urine discarded and has 1:5 or 1:10 NaOCl

A

skin disinfect

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22
Q

destroy all forms of microbial life even SPORES

A

sterilization

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23
Q

process of obtaining blood from vein

A

venipuncture

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24
Q
  • least anchored
  • close to median cutaneous nerve and branchial artery
A

Basilic vein

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25
Q
  • less anchored
  • easiest to palpitate for obese patient
A

cephalic vein

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26
Q
  • most preffered
  • well anchored
  • largest vein
A

median cubital vein

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27
Q
  • most common veins for veni
A

anticubital fossa

28
Q

most preffered concentration for OXALATE

A

1-2 mg/ml of blood

29
Q

most preffered concentration for CITRATE

A

3.2- 3.8% g/dl (0.105 or 0.129 M)

30
Q

most preffered concentration for EDTA

A

1-2 mg/ml (CC), 1.5 mg/ml (Steinineger)

31
Q

most preffered concentration for FLUORIDE

A

10 mg/ml of blood

32
Q

most preffered concentration for HEPARIN

A

0.2 mg/ml of blood

33
Q

size of torniquet

A

3-4 inches (7.5- 10 cm) above the puncture site and left no longer than 1 minute

34
Q

what is the most common means of collecting blood specimen?

A

evacuated tube system

35
Q

additives in collecting tubes that inhibits the use of glucose for blood
- recommended to use if there is a delay testing for glucose

A

Antiglycolytic agent

36
Q

additives in collecting tubes that prevents blood from clotting

A

Anticoagulant

37
Q

additives in collecting tubes that:
- enhances clotting mechanism
- increases the surface of platelet activation

A

Clot activator

38
Q

additives in collecting tubes that:
- inert material
- centrifugation
- separates serum or plasma and cells

A

Separation gel

39
Q

3-4 inversion

A

Light blue

40
Q

5 inversion

A

Red (plastic), gold

41
Q

MOST COMMON complication of venipuncture

A

Vascular

42
Q

vascular complication that fibrous capsule around encapsulated blood

A

Pseudoaneurysm

43
Q
  • vascular complication that produces edema or swelling if theres a descreas oxygen supply in the artery
  • clot
A

Thrombosis

44
Q

needle sticks an artey

A

Reflex anteriospasm

45
Q
  • abnormal connection of vein and artery
A

Anteriovenous fistula

46
Q

if prolonged torniquet it can cause _______?

A

Hemaconcentration

47
Q
  • if there’s a leakage of a large amount of fluid in the puncture site and cause swelling
A

Hematoma

48
Q

performed in:
- newborns, pediatric patients
- adult who are serverly burned severly burned
- elderly patients

A

Skin puncture

49
Q

mixture of arterial blood, venous blood and tissue fluid

A

Capillary blood

50
Q
  • lower rbc count
  • ’’ HCT
  • ” HB
  • ” platelet count
  • Higher glucose and Wbc count
A

Capillary blood

51
Q

collection site of skin puncture for CHILDREN

A

Later side of the plantar surface of the heel

52
Q

collection of puncture site for OLDER CHILDREN AND ADULT

A

3rd or 4th finger

53
Q

enumerate the skin ouncture procedure

A
  1. Blood gases
  2. Glass slides
  3. EDTA microcollection tube
  4. Other anticoagulated microcollection tube
  5. Serum microcollectuon tube
54
Q

what test/s in skin puncture can physiologically affect the POSTURE

A

Lipids, proteins, enzymes

55
Q

what test/s in skin puncture can physiologically affect the DIURNAL RHYTHM

A

Cortisol, ACTH, Fe, Eosinophils

56
Q

what diurnal rhythm test that increases in the morning

A

Cortisol, ACTH, Fe

57
Q

what diurnal rhythm test increases in evening

A

Eosinophils

58
Q

what test/s in skin puncture can physiologically affect while Exercising?

A

creatine, protein, ck, ld, ast, platelet, wbc count

59
Q

what test/s in skin puncture can physiologically affect the STRESS

A

Wbc count and acid base

60
Q

what test/s in skin puncture can physiologically affect the DIET

A

glucose, sodium, cbc

61
Q

what test/s in skin puncture can physiologically affect the SMOKING

A

Wbc count, hgb

62
Q
  • it consists of WBC count, RBC count, HCT, HB, WBC differential count
  • also included RBC indices
A

Complete blood count

63
Q

what test not part in CBC

A

Platelet count

64
Q

it consists of 4 heme (iron+protorphyrin) and 4 globin

A

Hemoglobin

65
Q

N.V of hgb AT BIRTH

A

15-20 g/dl

66
Q

N.V of hgb for WOMEN

A

12-15 g/dl

67
Q

N.V of hgb for MEN

A

13-18 g/dl

HEMATOLOGY (1 decks)

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