Hem/Onc

Question 1

What is the most common cause of microcytic anemia?

Answer 1

Iron deficeincy

Question 2

What is a normal MCV?

Answer 2

80 to 100

Question 3

What is the MCV?

Answer 3

Mean corpuscular volume, tells you size and color

Question 4

What is the MCH?

Answer 4

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, amount of circulating hemoglobin

Question 5

What is a normal RBC in a male?

Answer 5

4.5 to 5.5

Question 6

What is a normal RBC in a female?

Answer 6

4.0 to 4.9

Question 7

Micrositic and hypochromic small RBC’s is a key sign of what?

Answer 7

Iron deficiency

Question 8

What is a normal hemoglobin in a male?

Answer 8

13.5 to 16.5

Question 9

Normal hemoglobin in female?

Answer 9

12.0 to 15.0

Question 10

What percentage of the population has an abnormal lab values but are healthy?

Answer 10

5%

Question 11

What are bands?

Answer 11

immature neutrophils

Question 12

Do viral infections typically cause leukocytosis or leukopenia?

Answer 12

Leukopenia

Question 13

Does aplastic anemia cause leukopenia or leukocytosis?

Answer 13

Leukopenia

Question 14

What is considered a high leukocyte count in an adult?

Answer 14

11,000

Question 15

Low leukocyte count in adult?

Answer 15

4,500

Question 16

Where are erythroctes produced?

Answer 16

Bone marrow

Question 17

What is the role of erythropoietin?

Answer 17

Differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells

Question 18

What synthesizes erythropoietin?

Answer 18

Kidneys

Question 19

What condition can stimulate the release of erythropoietin?

Answer 19

Hypoxia

Question 20

Treatment for methemaglobin?

Answer 20

Methalymanie blue

Question 21

What causes pain in sickle cell anemia?

Answer 21

Cells get lodged in the muscles due to their unsusual shape

Question 22

What is anisocytosis?

Answer 22

Different sizes of cells

Question 23

What is polycythemia?

Answer 23

Elevated red cell count

Question 24

What is MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration?

Answer 24

Measurement of the average weight of hemoglobin per red blood cell, normal 31 to 37

Question 25

What is the top cause for a macrocytic MCV?

Answer 25

Folic acid deficiency or B12 deficiency

Question 26

What are reticulocytes?

Answer 26

Newly released anucleate red cells

Question 27

What does a reticulocyte count help you distinguish?

Answer 27

Inadequate production from accelerated destruction

Question 28

What does an increased absolute reticulocyte indicate?

Answer 28

Increased erthropoesis

Question 29

Why is the reticulocyte count high in hemolytic anemia?

Answer 29

RBC's are being hemolyzed and the bone marrow is working overtime to make more

Question 30

What will the reticulocyte count be in aplastic anemia?

Answer 30

Low retic, marrow not working normally

Question 31

Retic count in Fe def?

Answer 31

Low, not enough iron to make red blood cells

Question 32

What is a left shift?

Answer 32

Indicates a high amount of bands and segs which are immature and mature forms of neutrophils. A left shift is present when >10 to 12 % are bands. Typically occurs with bacterial infections.

Question 33

What is an ESR?

Answer 33

Distance in mm erythrocytes fall in one hour

Question 34

Normal ESR?

Answer 34

0-20mm/hr in females, 0-15mm/hr in males

Question 35

What is the first step in identifying leukocytosis?

Answer 35

Check peripheral smear

Question 36

What would you order for someone with neutrophilia that you dont think is reactive?

Answer 36

FISH test

Question 37

What normally initiates clot formation?

Answer 37

Vascular injury

Question 38

What does a positive D Dimer indicate?

Answer 38

The presence of fibrin degradation products

Question 39

What are the components of primary hemostasis?

Answer 39

Collagen (vascular subendothelium) Platelets Von Willebrand factor Fibrinogen

Question 40

The contact activation (intrinsic pathway) is activated b y?

Answer 40

damage to the cell surface

Question 41

Which clotting factor is prothrombin?

Answer 41

2

Question 42

What 4 clotting factors are produced by vitamin K?

Answer 42

II, VII, IX and X

Question 43

What condition occurs from lack of vitamin C?

Answer 43

Scurvey

Question 44

What is Henoch-Schonlein purpura?

Answer 44

Disease involving inflammation of the small blood vessels, commonly occurs in children

Question 45

What is the role of thrombin?

Answer 45

Activating fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 46

What is the normal level of platelets?

Answer 46

140,000-450,000

Question 47

How do platelets function?

Answer 47

They release secretory granules that release factors whihc amplify responses in the coagulation process.

Question 48

What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder?

Answer 48

Von Willebrand Disease

Question 49

Where does bleeding primarily occur in patients with Von Willebrand?

Answer 49

Mucus membranes

Question 50

What is the most common cause of DIC?

Answer 50

Infection (Sepsis)

Question 51

What can cause DIC in obstetrics?

Answer 51

Retained products, septic abortion, placental abruption, amniotic fluid embolism.

Question 52

Common trigger of DIC?

Answer 52

exposure of blood to tissue factor