Help Desk Technician 301 (NAVEDTRA 43355-1) Flashcards
ORM (Operational Risk Management)
Standardized method of mitigating risk.
IAMIS
Identify, Assess, Make risk decisions, Implement controls, Supervise.
AIS Security
Limiting access, avoiding misuse, preventing destruction, preventing changes that would make data unreliable, etc.
Malicious Code Protection
To prevent Malicious Code from entering our systems, we must install and maintain anti-virus software, available to all DOD components at no cost.
Help Desk Technician
Properly verify identity of personnel requesting password assistance, input trouble tickets, and provide customer support.
Help Desk Supervisor
Monitors trouble ticket queue and assigns personnel.
Domain Admin
Responsible for the logical side of the network.
Infrastructure Admin
Responsible for the hardware side of the network.
COMSPOT
Communications Spotlight
Purpose of a COMSPOT
To report an outage to the ship’s chain of command and request technical assistance.
Timeframe for a COMSPOT
Per REAGANINST, when the outage/interruption of services reaches 30 minutes, then every hour or as updates come available. Final COMSPOT is issued 1 hour after system restoral.
COMSPOT Classification requirement
Minimum of Confidential
COMSPOT PLA requirements
Ship’s operational chain of command, NCTAMS (per AOR)
Components of a COMSPOT
Time outage discovered, troubleshooting conducted, results, assistance request.
Drafter
Drafts the COMSPOT
Originator
Quality Control
Releaser
Chops the message for release upon approval
COMSPOT/CASREP relationship
COMSPOT represents short-term, investigative action, but can eventually result in a CASREP. CASREPs are longer term, depot-level repair.
Meda (IRT Networking)
Physical object on which data is stored OR the object at the physical layer that carries data.
Magnetic Storage Media
Tapes and traditional harddrives
Off-site Disaster Files
A physical location where info is stored away from the primary data store to mitigate data loss in the event of a disaster.
BPI
Bits Per Inch
Bytes
8 bits of data, processed by computers as a unit.
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange: a standard code consisting of 128 7-bit combinations, for characters to be stored on or transmitted between computers.
EBCDIC
Extended Binary Code Decimal Interchange Code: 256 8-bit code used for data representation and transfer.
ACPI
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
ATX
Hardware spec; open PC motherboard spec by Intel, increases I/O capability.
Backup
A copy or duplicate version, especially of a file, program, or entire computer system, in the event of data loss on the primary data store. Also the procedure to follow in such an event.
Baud Rate
A number related to the speed of data transmission in a system. Rate indicates the number of electrical oscillations per second.
Bandwidth
Transmission capacity of an electromagnetic communications device or system.
Binary
The representation of each one of a set of numbers, letters, etc as a unique sequence of bits, as in ASCII.
BIOS
Basic Input/Output System: computer firmware that directs many basic functions of the operating system, as booting and keyboard control.
Bit
A single, basic unit of information, used in connection with computers and informational theory.
BNC
Connector on a coaxial cable.
Buffer
A device or area of a computer that temporarily stores data that is being transferred between two machines that process raw data at different rates.
Cache
Small, highspeed memory that improves performance.
CD-ROM
Compact Disk-Read Only Memory: media on which a large amount of digitized, ROM memory can be stored.
CMOS
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
Coaxial Cable
Cable consisting of an inner, insulated core of stranded or solid wire surrounded by an outer insulated flexible wire braid.
CPU
Central Processing Unit; key component of a computing system which contains the circuitry necessary to interpret and execute program instructions.
DCE
Distributed Computing Environment
DDR
Double Data Rate Random Access Memory
Defragmentation
The reorganization of files (on a disk) so that the parts of each file are stored in continguous sectors on a disk, thereby improving computer performance and maximizing disk space.
DIMM
Dual Inline Memory Module
Directory
Also called a “folder”; an organizing unit in a computer’s file system for storing and locating files.
DOS
Disk Operating System: single user, command-driven operating system for microcomputers.
Driver
Device Driver: main loop of an event-processing program, the code that gets commands and dispatches them for execution.
DTE
Data Terminal Equipment
DVD
Digital Video Disk: an optical disk that can store a very large amount of video data as text, music, or images.
EIDE
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics.
Ethernet
Trademarked LAN protocol featuring a bus topology and a 10 megabit-per-second data rate
FAT
File Allocation Table
FQDN
Fully Qualified Domain Name
Function Keys
A key on the keyboard of a computer that gives special commands to the computer.
Hexadecimal
Relating to or encoded in a hexadecimal system, especially for use by a computer.
IDE
Integrated Drive Electronics
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IP
Internet Protocol; a communications protocol for computers connected to a network, especially the internet, specifying the format for addresses and units of transmitted data.
LAN
Local Area Network; limited area, like inside a building.
MAC
Media Access Control: unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on the PHYSICAL layer segment.
Memory
Storage on a computer.
Motherboard
Rigid, slotted board upon which other boards that contain the basic circuitry of a computer/component can be mounted.
NIC
Network Interface Controller: connects a computer to a network.
NTFS
NT File System
Operating System
The collection of software that directs a computer’s operations, controlling and scheduling the execution of other programs, and managing storage, I/O, and communications resources.
Parallel Port
A socket that can be used for connecting devices that send and receive data at more than one bit at a time.
PATA
Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment
PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect
POST
Power On Self Test
Peripheral
A device or unit that operates separately from the CPU but is connected to it. (I.E: a monitor or mouse)
Power Supply
A source of electricity for a device, which converts, regulates, and transmits the external power for the device.
Printer
An output device that produces a paper copy of alphanumeric or graphical data.
PS/2
IBM’s second generation of PCs
RAID
Redundant Array of Independant Disks
RAM
Random Access Memory: VOLATILE - will lose load if power is interrupted.
Registry
Stores configuration info.
RJ-11
Typically used on modems, 2 wires / 6 connections
RJ-45
Serial connector that looks much like a telephone line, but with 8 wires instead of 4. Connects at NIC.
ROM
Read-only Memory. Cannot be altered.
SATA
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface: used for connecting peripheral devices.
Serial Port
Ports that send/receive more than one bit at a time.
Service Pack
A collection of updates, fixes, or enhancements to a software program delivered in teh form of a single installable package.
Shell
Software that provides an interface for users of an operating system to access the services of a kernel.
SIMM
Single In-line Memory Module
USB
Universal Serial Bus
Virus
A computer program that can replicate itself and spread from one computer to another.
WAN
Wide Area Network (i.e.: spanning a country or continent)
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol
Backbone
A large capacity, high-speed central section by which other network segments are connected.
BGP
Border Gateway Protocol
Cabling
A wire or bundle of wires that conduct electricity.
Duplex
Permitting the transmission of simultaneous signals in both directions in radio, telecomms, or computer channels.
Dynamic Routing
A protocol on one router communicates with the same protocol running on neighboring routers.
Encapsulation
Technique used by layered protocols in which a layer adds header information to the protocol data unit (PDU) from the layer above.
Ethernet Interface
Where ethernet cables connect to a port.
Fast Ethernet Interface
Newer generation of ethernet interface. Faster speeds.
Gateway
Software or hardware that links two computer networks.
Hub/Switch
A device for connecting computers in a network.
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol
IOS
Internetworking Operating System; a package of routing, switching, internetworking and telecommunications functions integrated into a multitasking operating system.
IP Address
A numerical label assigned to each device participating in a computer network that uses the internet protocol for communication.
Loopback Interface
Routing signals back to their device or facility of origin; used in troubleshooting.
OSPF
Open Shortest Path First:
Port
Application or process specific software construct serving as a communications endpoint in a computer’s host OS.
Protocol
A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data electronically between devices.
RIP
Routing Information Protocol
Router
A device that forwards data packets to the appropriate parts of a computer network.
Serial Interface
Physical serial connection port.
Server
Computer on computer program that manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network.
Static Routing
Managed by an administrator and takes precedence over dynamic routes.
Subnet
Any network that is part of a larger IP network and is identified by a subnet address.
Subnet Mask
32-bit address mask used in IP to identify the bits of an IP address that are used for the subnet address.
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol: connection oriented protocol that is defined at the transport layer of the OSI Model
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol: the suite of protocols underlying the Internet.
Tunneling
A method of avoiding protocol restrictions by wrapping packets from one protocol in another’s frame and transmitting this encapsulated packet over a network that supports the wrapper protocol.
UDP
User Datagram Protocol: a connectionless Transport layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol stack that simply allows datagrams to be exchanged without acknowledgements or delivery guarantees.
VoIP
Voice over IP: allows telephonic communication over the internet.
OSI Model
Open Systems Interconnection Model: characterizes and standardizes the internal functions of a communications system by partitioning it into astract layers.
Application Layer
Data.
Network process to application.
Presentation Layer
Data.
Data representation, encryption & decryption, convert machine dependant data to machine independant data.
Session Layer
Data.
Interhost communication, managing sessions between applications.
Transport Layer
Segments.
End-to-end connections, reliability & flow control.
Network Layer
Packet/Datagrams.
Path determination and logical addressing.
Data Link Layer
Frame.
Physical addressing.
Physical Layer.
Bit.
Media, signal & binary transmission.
RJ-45 Colors
Orange/white, Orange, Green/white, blue, blue/white, green, brown/white, brown.
nslookup
CMD line tool for querying the DNS to obtain domain name or IP address, or any other specific DNS record.
ipconfig
Displays all current TCP/IP network configurations and can modify DHCP and DNS settings.
ping
Admin utitlity used to test reachability of a host.
traceroute
Diagnostic tool for displaying the route (path) and measuring transit delays.
netstat
CMD line tool that displays network connections, routing tables, and a number of network interface & network protocol statistics.
NAVCYBERDEFCOM
Mission is to coordinate, monitor, and oversee the defense of Navy computer networks and systems.
COMTENTHFLT
Serves at the numbered Fleet for Fleet Cyber Command and exercises operational control of assigned Naval Forces; coordinates with other Naval, coalition, and Joint Task Forces across cyber, electromagnetic, and space domains.
USCYBERCOM
Ensures US/Allied freedom of action in cyberspace and denying the same to adversaries.
