Helminths Flashcards
What are the 2 phyla
Platy helminths and nematodes
What are cestodes also called?
Tapeworms
What are trematode also called?
Flukes
What are nematodes also called?
Roundworms
What’s a chain of proglottids called?
Strobila
Name 3 species of cestodes
Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) Diphyllobothrium Latum (Broad fish tapeworm) Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) Echinococcus spp (hyatid disease tapeworms)
Pre patent period of hookworm?
4-7 weeks
Ppp of ascaria roundworm
65 days
Ppp of whipworm trichuris
90 days
Adult location of hookworm
SI
Adult location of ascaris
SI
Adult location of trichuris
Large intestine
Transmission route of hookworm
Oral/ skin (L3)
Transmission route of ascaris
Oral (L2)
Transmission route of trichuris
Oral (L1)
Main treatment for STH
Albendazole / Memebdazole
Treatment of strongyloides
Ivermectin, mebendazole
How many eggs are laid by trichuris
2000-10,000 eggs a day
Diagnosis of trichuris
Eggs in faeces
Colonoscopy
Life cycle of trichuris
- embryonated egg ingested
- Larvae hatch in SI
- Adults embed in colon
- Unembroyanted and u infectious egg passed in stool
- embryo develops
- Embryonated egg developed and is ingested
Is trichuris lifecycle direct or indirect
Direct
Disease of whipworm trichuris
Chrons
Anaemia
Rectal prolapse
Species of hookworm
Ancylastoma duodenle
Necator Americanus
Lifecycle of hookworm
- Eggs passed in larvae
- Rabiform larvae hatch and develop in soil
- Filaform larvae form in the grass
- Filaform larvae will penetrate feet
- Larvae enter blood stream and heart
- Larvae migrate up trachea and are swallowed
- Adults mature in the SI
What disease is caused by ascaris
1. Migratory Eosionphilia Pneumonitis Liver enlargement 2. Intestnal Perforation of bowel 3.pancreatic
What order doe taenidae and hymenolepidea come under?
Cyclophyllidea
4 main trematode diseases
Fasciolosis
Paragonimiasis
Opisthorchiasis
Clonorchiasis
Infectious agent of opistothorchiasis
Opisthorchis viverini
How do we get opistothorchiasis
Consumption of fish
How do we get Paragonimiasis
Consumption of crustaceans
How do we get fasciolosis
Consumption of infected veg
How do we get Clonorchiasis
Consumption of fish