Helmer Flashcards

1
Q

sees himself

A

as the epitome of the respectable 19th-century husband

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2
Q

treats Nora

A

as a winsome little creature, dependent on him and his knowledge of the outside world

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3
Q

chastises Nora

A

for being extravagant, yet he delights in being able to give her money

uses money to gain financial control over her and the household

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4
Q

pride

A

ultimately destroys their marriage

“he’s os proud of being a man”

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5
Q

security

A

depends on feeling superior

the game he and Nora play is designed to retain his dominant role in their relationship

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6
Q

stereotypical

A

he is pompous and lacks perception which is the stereotyped portrayal of a male in his situation

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7
Q

treatment of Krog

A

shows his pettiness, which even Nora can’t avoid seeing

both of them have social indiscretions, him concealing Nora’s father’s scandal, so his treatment of Krog isn’t just social snobbery but perhaps a reluctance to confront the mirror image of himself

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8
Q

driven by

A

his desire for social approval and status

more concerned with appearances than truth

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9
Q

patronising towards Linde

A

acts the benevolent patron to secure her a job

later calls her a “dreadful bore”

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10
Q

selfishness

A

Rank’s “suffering and loneliness” are a “kind of dark background to the happy sunlight of our marriage”

can’t change his self-contained and self-obsessed perception of the world

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11
Q

rigid views

A

obsessed with the need to abide by the social, religious and moral code of the time

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12
Q

Nora’s ending of the marriage

A

leave Helmer alone to deal with the scandal

his tragedy is in failing to offer her anything other than a sentimental and protective kind of love

a much a victim of societies attitudes as Nora is

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13
Q

caged by society

A

Torvald, Nora’s husband, is just as caged by society as his wife. Society has programmed them both into their prescribed roles: dominant provider husband, submissive homemaking wife.

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14
Q

traits

A

Selfish: overly concerned with his place and status in society

Cowardly: Allows his emotions to be swayed heavily by the prospect of society’s respect and the fear of society’s scorn

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15
Q

he calls her

A

“skylark” and “squirrel” without reflecting that these are wild creatures - that Nora’s domestic setting as become a cage. The audience, however, realizes that Torvald has built a kind of linguistic prison, for Nora and himself.

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16
Q

towards the end of the play

A

it is made clear that Torvald’s apparent ‘strength’ was wholly dependent on Nora’s ‘weakness’

“Nora, not now” - emotional and weak at the end of the play

17
Q

the stage directions depict the power shift

A

between Torvald and Nora - he “covers his face with his hands”, while Nora is preparing to go - “trying on her hat”

18
Q

end of the play - “empty”

A

literal meaning - the house is empty after her departure

instead, it could be read that Torvald is now “empty”, as he is deprived of Nora as a physical resource that allows him to perform hegemonic masculinity

19
Q

self-deception

A

“i’m man enough to take on everything” - mirrors his conventional role in society, but ironic due to his work-related ‘breakdown’

20
Q

possible to see him as abusive

A

isolates her from her childhood friends - Mrs Linde

21
Q

calls her

A

his “clandestine little sweetheart” - even though they’ve been married for 8 years and have three children

22
Q

Nora recognises that

A

his sense of masculinity is fragile - “painful” for him to know he “owed anything to me”

23
Q

Nora’s clear understanding of

A

gender roles - she knows that without them the life they live “would no longer exist”

24
Q

presentation of masculinity - nora’s father

A

feckless with money

a man of “not unassailable reputation”

25
Q

presentation of masculinity - Rank’s father

A

contracted an STD that resulted in Rank’s own tuberculosis of the spine

26
Q

Torvald’s fantasties

A

Nora as a Capri fisherman’s daughter, skylark, secret mistress and virgin bride

none of which offer a future for them as equals