hello Flashcards
What is the Labor Movement?
Workers fighting for better wages, working conditions, and the right to form unions
Examples include the Knights of Labor and the AFL.
What was the goal of the Populist Movement in the 1890s?
To help farmers and workers by pushing for bimetallism, government control of railroads, and direct election of senators.
Who led the Civil Rights Movement?
African Americans focused on ending segregation, discrimination, and fighting for equal rights
Notable figures include Ida B. Wells and Booker T. Washington.
What were the main aims of the Women’s Rights Movement?
Advocated for women’s suffrage and gender equality
Key figures include Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
What did Native American Resistance seek to combat?
U.S. expansion and assimilation policies such as the Dawes Act and forced relocation
Notable leaders included Sitting Bull and Geronimo.
What was the Progressive Movement?
Advocated for political reforms including antitrust laws, government regulation of businesses, and social welfare.
What did the Civil Service Reform Movement aim to achieve?
Reform of the spoils system, leading to the Pendleton Act (1883) for a merit-based system for government jobs.
What was the purpose of the Granger Movement?
Farmers organized to fight against railroad monopolies, high freight rates, and unfair practices.
What did the Environmental Movement advocate for?
Preservation of natural resources
Initiated by figures like John Muir and the founding of national parks like Yellowstone in 1872.
What was the Settlement House Movement?
Aimed to help immigrants and the urban poor through settlement houses providing education and social services
Led by Jane Addams.
What did the Social Gospel Movement focus on?
Applying Christian principles to social justice issues like poverty, labor rights, and inequality.
What did the Pendleton Act (1883) accomplish?
Ended the spoils system and required government jobs to be awarded by merit.
What was the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887)?
First federal law to regulate railroads and created the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to prevent unfair rates.
What was the significance of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)?
First law to break up monopolies and prevent businesses from restricting trade, but was weak at first.
What did the Contract Labor Law (1864) allow?
Allowed companies to bring in immigrant workers under contracts; repealed in 1885 to protect American workers.
What protections did the Erdman Act (1898) provide?
Protected railroad workers’ rights and banned discrimination against union members.
What did the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) do?
Banned Chinese immigration for 10 years, later extended; first major law restricting immigration.
What were the main provisions of the Immigration Act of 1891?
Toughened rules on immigration, barring criminals, polygamists, and the diseased.
What did the Homestead Act (1862) provide?
Gave 160 acres of free land to settlers who farmed it for 5 years.
What was the purpose of the Pacific Railway Act (1862)?
Helped fund the Transcontinental Railroad with government land grants.
What did the Dawes Act (1887) aim to achieve?
Broke up Native American reservations into private land plots to force assimilation, but reduced tribal land.
What did the Timber and Stone Act (1878) allow?
Allowed settlers to buy cheap Western land for logging and mining.
What was the impact of the Bland-Allison Act (1878)?
Allowed limited silver coinage, helping farmers who wanted inflation.
What did the Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890) do?
Increased silver coinage, but didn’t help farmers enough; repealed in 1893.
