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AANP > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

1
Q

Fluorescein dye “fern like” CN V. Abrupt onset of pain

A

Herpes keratitis

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2
Q

Round/Irregular

A

Corneal Abrasions

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3
Q

Acute/severe halos, cupping optic nerve, cloudy cornea, mid-dilated oval pupil. ER STAT.

A

Acute Angle-closure glaucoma

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4
Q

CN2 gradual changes in peripheral vision LOST FIRST, then second central vision. Pressure 8 - 21

A

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

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5
Q

Elderly- night vision issues, extreme glare. Opaque lens. Absent red reflex.

Most common cause of blindness in developing countries

Tx: cataract surgery with IOL –intraocular lens implantation

A

Cataracts

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6
Q

Painless loss of “central vision” reports straight lines appear curved. Periphery is preserved. Give asmler grid.

A

Age-Related Macular Degeneration

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7
Q

Floaters, curtain, flashes of light. Painless. EXAM

A

Retinal Detachment

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8
Q

cauliflower, foul-smell, hearing loss. If erodes bones in face affects CN VII. ENT - SURGERY

A

Cholesteatoma

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9
Q

Aphthous stomatitis: painful shallow ulcers heal 7-10 days.

Tx: Magic mouthwash.

A

Canker sores

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10
Q

Optic disc swollen w/ blurred edges due to increased ICP

A

Papilledema

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11
Q
  • Copper/silver wire arterioles.
  • AV nicking (mild retinopathy).
  • Retinal Hemorrhages.
A

Hypertensive Retinopathy

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12
Q
  • Cotton wool spots (moderate retinopathy)
  • micro-aneurysms.
  • RETINAL HEMORRHAGES (CENTER OF EYE APPEAR ORANGE RED)
A

Diabetic Retinopathy

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13
Q

“clusters sm. Size red papules w/ white centers in the buccal mucosa by lower molars”. Rubeola and Measles. Fever, conjunctivitis, coryza, cough (3c). Morbiliform rash. EXAM

A

Koplik Spots

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14
Q

Lateralization to good ear. Rinne- AC > BC.

A

Sensorineural:

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15
Q

Lateralization to bad ear. Rinne- BC > AC.

A

Conductive:

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16
Q

Tunning fork midline. CN 8 (acoustic). EXAM

A

Weber:

17
Q

Painful swollen red warm abscess Tx: hot compress erythromycin, dicloxacillin.

A

Hordeolum

18
Q

Middle ear. Usually S. pneumo. (others: h influ, mor catarrhalis). Popping, muffled, afebrile or low-grade, TM can rupture blood and pus on pillow on awakening with relief of ear pain. “erythematous TM” bulging or retracting. Decreased mobility.

A

Acute Otitis Media

19
Q

1st line Amoxicillin (first line),

Augmentin,

Omnicef, Ceftin, Levaquin.

A

Acute Otitis Media - Tx

20
Q

Ear pressure, popping, muffled hearing, chronic allergic rhinitis, sterile serious fluid is trapped in the middle ear. TM should NOT BED RED. TM may bulge or retract.

A

Otitis Media with Effusion

21
Q

Oral decongestants, steroid nasal spray, treat like allergies. Usually Painless.

A

Otitis Media with Effusion - Tx

22
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (other- S. aureus). External ear pain- d/c itching, hearing loss, tragus, green d/c.

Tx: Corticosporin, Cipro drops EXAM

A

Otitis Externa (swimmers’ ear)

23
Q

Sensorineural loss without lateralization. Involves the inner ear. Symmetrical progressive. Human speech lost first. AGING ADULT EXAM

A

Presbycusis

24
Q

“stringy; increased tearing” PO antihistamines. Type I sensitivity. Typically, bilateral. Rhinitis and allergic shiner

A

Allergic Conjunctivitis

25
Q

Animals/hides/hair/wool. Lesions begin as papule that enlarges quick 24-48h develops necrosis and ulceration (sort of like a spider bite recluse)

Tx: Doxy, Cipro, Levaquin.

A

Anthrax

26
Q

Painful lump hurts more with eating (by jaw) aka calculi or salvary stones. Usually in sub mandibular gland aka whartons; duct.

A

Sialolithiaisis

27
Q

VERTIGO TINNITUS, HEARING LOSS

A

Meinier’s disease

28
Q

Tx: Epley’s Maneuver - Nystagmus should be horizontal (if vertical, check EOMs and refer)

A

BBPV DX: Dix Hallpike

29
Q

Unilateral facial pain or upper molar pain, *worse with bending over, *purulent nasal discharge, s/s over 10 days

Tx: Augmentin (if already watched/waited 10 days)

A

Rhinosinusitis

30
Q

S/S: FFPL (Fever, Fatigue, Pharyngitis, Lymphadenopathy-Posterior Cervical)

Enlarged spleen - hold activity until resolved (US) 4 – 6 wks Dx: Monospot (aka heterophile antibody test) (positive 2-3 weeks in)

US to check for if condition has resolved

A

MONO

31
Q
A

Copper/silver wire arterioles.

32
Q
A

AV nicking (mild retinopathy

33
Q
A

Retinal Hemorrhages.

AANP (3 decks)

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