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History and Physical > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

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1
Q

Cranial nerve 7

A

Facial expressions

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2
Q

CN 3, 4, 6

A

extra-ocular movements (lateral rectus 6, superior oblique 4, others 3)

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3
Q

CN 5

A

mastication/clench, facial sensory

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4
Q

CN 9, 10

A

Swallow, gag reflex, “ahh”

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5
Q

CN 12

A

tongue movement

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6
Q

CN 11

A

head/shoulder movement

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7
Q

CN 2

A

Visual acuity

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8
Q

CN 8

A

Hearing

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9
Q

Acromegaly

A

excessive growth hormone

brow and lower jaw protrusion

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10
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

A

Red cheeks, mustache, facial swelling

caused by excessive steroid use

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11
Q

Myxedema

A

Severe hypothyroidism, dry/sparse hair, thin eyebrows, puffy face/eyes

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12
Q

Parkinson’s

A

“mask face”, blank stare, decreased facial mobility

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13
Q

Bell’s Palsy

A

facial nerve 7 inhibited

different from a stroke bc forehead doesn’t wrinkle, which it would with stroke

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14
Q

Androgenic alopecia

A

pattern baldness (female-thinning, male-receding)

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15
Q

Alopecia areata

A

round patch of baldness, caused by stress

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16
Q

Hirsutism

A

male pattern facial hair in females

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17
Q

Paronychia

A

inflammation of nail folds, caused by trauma

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18
Q

Leukonychia

A

non-uniform white spots, from trauma

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19
Q

Koilonychia

A

spoon nails, abnormally thin

caused by iron deficiency anemia

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20
Q

Onycholysis

A

painless separation of nail plate from nail bed

trauma/systemic disease (diabetes, anemia)

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21
Q

Onychocryptosis

A

ingrown toenail

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22
Q

Onychomycosis

A

fungal infection of nail bed, plate or matrix

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23
Q

Terry’s nails

A

nail plate turns white w/ distal brown band

caused by age and chronic disease (liver, diabetes)

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24
Q

Beau’s Lines

A

transverse depressions of nail plates, usually bilateral

caused by temporary disruption of nail growth

25
Q

Pitting

A

punctate depressions of nail plate

psoriasis

26
Q

Clubbing

A

bulls swelling of soft tissue at nail base, spongy nail bed

hypoxia

27
Q

Icterus

A

Yellow/jaundiced sclera

28
Q

Pinguecula

A

yellowish growth on sclera adjacent to cornea

29
Q

Pterygium

A

wedge/wing shaped growth growing into cornea

30
Q

Chalazion

A

Meibomian gland cyst
upper eyelid
chronic, painless

31
Q

Hordeolum

A

External stye
acute, painful
sebaceous gland infection

32
Q

Xanthelasma

A

Yellow deposit of cholesterol under skin around eyelids

33
Q

Cellulitis

A

infection/inflammation
periorbital-around eye
orbital-part of eye

34
Q

Exopthalmos (proptosis)

A

Protrusion of eyes, rim of sclera above iris

Grave’s disease, lid lag

35
Q

Episcleritis/Scleritis

A

Epi-between conductive and sclera

Scleritis-gradual onset, pain, loss of vision, more severe

36
Q

Uveitis

A

inflammation of uveal tract, painful, Limbic flush

37
Q

Hyphema

A

bleeding in anterior chamber

38
Q

Myopia

A

impaired far vision (near-sighted)

39
Q

Presbyopia

A

impaired near vision (far sighted)

40
Q

Strabismus

A

Convergent (internal-esotropia
Divergent (external)-exotropia
paralysis of at least one extra ocular eye muscle

41
Q

Miosis

A

pupil constriction

42
Q

Mydriasis

A

pupil dilation

43
Q

Anisicoria

A

unequal pupil size

44
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A

Ptosis, anhidrosis (absent sweating of affected side), miosis
sympathetic nervous system disfunction

45
Q

Tonic (Adie’s) Pupil

A

affected pupil larger, reduced reaction to light/near reaction
parasympathetic nervous system disfunction

46
Q

Retinoblastoma

A

childhood cancer of retina

red reflex is white

47
Q

Papilledema

A

optic disc swelling associated with high intracranial pressure

48
Q

Conductive hearing Phase

A

external ear through middle ear

ear wax causes hearing loss

49
Q

Sensorineural hearing phase

A

cochlea and cochlear nerve (8)

hearing loss due to poor hair cell function (noise trauma)

50
Q

Weber test

A 
tuning fork (512 Hz) midline
unilateral hearing loss localizes to impaired ear with conduction loss, good ear with sensorineural loss
51
Q

Rinne test

A

tuning fork on mastoid bone, when sound stops near opening of ear-AC>BC is normal
sensorineural loss produces normal result

52
Q

Rhinophyma

A

large bulbous ruddy appearance of nose

53
Q

Dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

54
Q

Odynophagia

A

painful swallowing

55
Q

Torus palatines/mandibularis

A

rounded, bony growths that vary in size

common, benign, harmless

56
Q

Thrush

A

“beefy” red

57
Q

Anterior triangle of neck

A

sternocleidomastoid muscle/mandible/midline of neck

contain hyoid bone, cricoid cartilage, trachea, anterior cervical lymph nodes

58
Q

Posterior triangle

A

sternocleidomastoid muscle/trapezius/clavicle

contains posterior cervical lymph nodes

History and Physical (4 decks)

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