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NURS 5200 Holistic Health Assessment & Therapeutics for the Advanced Practice Nurse > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

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1
Q

RESPECT MODEL

A 
Rapport
Empathy
Support
Partnership
Explanations
Cultural competence
Trust
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2
Q

seven bones of head

A

2 frontal
2 Parietal
2 Temporal
1 Occipital

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3
Q

Head inspection elements

A 
Tilt/tremor?
Size
Shape
Symmetry
Lesions
Trauma
Facial features
Symmetry
Shape
Unusual features
Tics
Pallor or pigmentation variations
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4
Q

Head palpation elements

A 
Symmetry
Tenderness
Hair texture, color, distribution
Movement of scalp
Sutures
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5
Q

Head when appropriate

A

When appropriate auscultate temporal arteries
Thickening
Hardness
Tenderness

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6
Q

HeadInfant

A

Measure head circumference
Compare with expected size for age and previous points on growth chart
Inspect scalp for scaling, crusting, birthmarks, dilated scalp veins, excessive hair or unusual hairline
Palpate suture lines and fontanels
Posterior fontanel closes 2 months
Anterior fontanel closes at 12-15 months
Infant head circumference is 2 cm > than chest circumference up to age 2 years

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7
Q

Palpate suture lines and fontanels

A

Posterior fontanel closes 2 months

Anterior fontanel closes at 12-15 months

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8
Q

Infant head circumference is

A

2 cm > than chest circumference up to age 2 years

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9
Q

Neck contains

A 
Trachea
Esophagus
Internal and external jugular veins
Common carotid, internal and external arteries
Thyroid gland
Spinal cord
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10
Q

NeckPhysical Exam - Inspection

A 
Inspection
Masses
Webbing
Excess skin folds
SOB
Distension of jugular veins or carotid arteries
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11
Q

Neck Physical Exam Palpation

A 
Trachea
Hyoid bone
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Size
Shape
Tenderness
Masses/nodules
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12
Q

Thyroid GlandPhysical Exam

A 
Inspect
Palpate
Anterior approach
Posterior approach
Displace to one side
Have patient swallow
Size, shape, symmetry and contour
Approximately 4 mm at the broadest dimension
Right lobe is 25% larger than the left
Thyroid gland should move with swallowing.
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13
Q

Physical Characteristics of thyroid

A

Approximately 4 mm at the broadest dimension
Right lobe is 25% larger than the left
Thyroid gland should move with swallowing.

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14
Q

Thyroid should

A

move when the patient swallows

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15
Q

Older Adults - Neck

A

Decreased T4 production

Thyroid gland becomes more fibrotic

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16
Q

Pregnant - Neck

A

Maybe slightly enlarged as the mother provides thyroid hormone for fetus during first trimester

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17
Q

Eyelid

A

Distributes tears
Limits amount of light
Protects the eye

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18
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Clear, thin mucous membrane

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19
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

Produces tears

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20
Q

Eye muscles

A

6 muscles

21
Q

Eye details

A 
Transmits visual stimuli to the brain for interpretation
4 Rectus muscles
2 oblique muscles
3 layers
Outer layer
Sclera posteriorly
Cornea anteriorly
Middle layer/Uvea
Choroid posteriorly
Ciliary body/iris anteriorly
Inner Layer
Retina
22
Q

Retina is the

A

Sensory nerve of the eye

23
Q

Conjectiva should be

A

clear

24
Q

red light reflex

A

look at something behind you. Bring the red light into each eye. If you don’t find the reflex could be due to opacity or catarax. You are testing retna

25
Q

optic disc should be

A

1.5 mm

26
Q

Internal EyePediatric

A

Newborn
Eyes develop during the first 8 weeks of gestation
Term infants are hyperopic
Check red light reflex
Wait until age 2-6 month for fundoscopic exam

27
Q

Eyes older Adults

A 
Presbyopia
Cataracts
Excessive tearing
Dry eyes
Tear production decreases
Nocturnal eye pain	
Glaucoma
Difficulty with perception
28
Q

Eyes - Pregnancy

A 
Occular complications due to 
Pregnancy induced HTN
Diplopia
Scotomata
Blurred vision
Amaurosis fugax
Gestastional diabetes

Topical eye medications may cross the placental barrier

29
Q

inflammation of the conjuctivea

A

pink eye

30
Q

Conjunctivitis

A 
Pink eye
Inflammation
Viral
Most often viral
70%
Adenovirus
31
Q

Conjunctivitis - Bacteria

A

Bacterial
Most common is Peds
Allergic

32
Q

exothalamus

A

bulging eyes

33
Q

Xanthelasma

A

small odd shaped yellow colored plaques. Lipid depoists. eye lids

34
Q

Pytergium

A

Abnormal growth of teh conjectiva. More commonly seen on the nasal side of the eye. Exposed to UV light. If growh goews over teh pupil it can effect vision. Wear sunglasses

35
Q

Ptosis

A

dropping of upper eye lid. CN3

36
Q

Strabismus

A

eyes do not focus silmultaniously. Lazy eye

37
Q

Cataract

A

opacity on the lense

38
Q

Cotton-wool spot

A

Fluffly whte spots on the retna. HTN and DIA

39
Q

Auricle

A

visible part of the ear

40
Q

Helix

A

prominent outer rim

41
Q

Concha

A

Deep cavity, contains canal meatus

42
Q

Tragus

A

Protuberance lying anterior to auditory canal

43
Q

Lobule

A

Soft lobe on the bottom

44
Q

ceruman inhibits

A

the growth of organisms

45
Q

Middle Ear

A 
Air filled cavity
Three ossicles
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
Tympanic membrane

bones transmit sound from tympanic membrane to inner ear

46
Q

typanic membrane seperates

A

external ear from the middle ear

47
Q

Cochlea transmit sounds to the

A

8th cranial nerve

48
Q

Semicircular cannel/vestibule has

A

equilibrium receptors that are involved in balance

NURS 5200 Holistic Health Assessment & Therapeutics for the Advanced Practice Nurse (12 decks)

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