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Assessment Exam 2 > HEENOT > Flashcards

HEENOT Flashcards

1
Q

Present/past medical Hx to look out for

A 
Eye disorders
Ear infections
Sinus infections
Throat infections
Allergies
Thyroid disease
Cancer
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2
Q

Past surgical Hx to look out for

A

Head and neck procedures/medication

Cataract correction

Lasik eye correction

Ear tubes

Tonsillectomy

Wisdom teeth removal

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3
Q

Family hx to look out for

A

Thyroid, atopic triad

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4
Q

General signs to look out for

A

Fever

Chills

weight changes

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5
Q

Integumentary signs to look out for

A

Rashes

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6
Q

Face signs to look out for

A

Tenderness/swelling

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7
Q

Eyes signs to look out for

A

pain
redness
drainage
itching

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8
Q

Ear signs to look out for

A

tinnitus
ear pain
drainage

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9
Q

Nose signs to look out for

A

congestion
rhinorrhea
sneezing
epistaxis

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10
Q

Throat signs to look out for

A

Pain
dysphagia
hoarseness

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11
Q

Neck signs to look out for

A

lymphadenopathy

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12
Q

Gordon health patterns to reference

A

Sleep

Sexuality (infections)

Nutrition/metabolic

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13
Q

Head exam:

A

Aligned?

Normocephalic

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14
Q

Face exam

A

Scars
Lesions
Symmetry
Muscle weakness

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15
Q

Tell-tale signs on initial exam

A

Allergic shiners

Nasal crease in allergies

Noisy nasal breathing

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16
Q

Patient voice points to listen to

A

Breathy voice
Nasaly
Stridor?

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17
Q

External eye points of interest

A

Eyebrow thinning/symmetry

Eyelashes (even distribution and direction of curl, infestations)

Able to close eyelids fully/lesions

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18
Q

Eye abnormalities

A

Ptosis

Entropion

Hordeolum (sty)

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19
Q

PERRLA for eye assessment

A

Pupils

Equal

Round (should be perfectly round)

Reactive (should react to:

Light: dilation/contraction

Accommodation
(Looking far away pupils dilate, looking close pupils constrict)

20
Q

Red light reflex

A

Detect cataract and retinoblastoma

Reddish-orange reflection of light from fundus

21
Q

How to hold opthalamascope

A

Hold right hand, use your right eye and examine the patient’s right eye

Vice versa for left

22
Q

Cataracts

A

Clouding of lens

Leading cause of blindness worldwide

Risk factors: 
Age
UV B light
Diabetes
Cigarettes
HTN
Steroid use
Obesity
Beta blockers
Female
23
Q

Further eye testing

A

Peripheral vision

6 cardinal fields (slowly) (three descending vertical on left side, three descending vertical on right side)

24
Q

Ear external exam

A 
Alignment
Deformities
Nodules
Ulcers
Lesions
25
Q

Otoscopy use

A

External auditory canal for erythema, stenosis, debris/discharge

26
Q

Examine tympanic membrane for

A

Normal: shiny, translucent, visible light reflex (R 5o clock vs. L 7 o clock)

White= scarring

Redness, bulging, dull, retraction= infection

Perforations and tubes

27
Q

Whisper test

A

6 words on each side, should hear at least 3/6

28
Q

What size otoscope?

A

Biggest that will fit

29
Q

Rinne test for ears

A

determine conductive or sensorineural hearing loss

Place tuning fork on mastoid behind ear

Patient will tell you when sound disappears

Then put tuning fork to ear

If air conduction>bone conduction they should hear it

30
Q

Weber test for hearing

A

Tuning fork on top/center of head

Normal=equal on both sides

Check if sound is lateralized

31
Q

ear abnormalities

A

Otitis externa (swimmers ear)=crusty, inflammed, nasty af

Otitis media (ear infection)=red and opaque

Tympanostomy tubes

Scarring= opaque white

32
Q

Which ear has cone of light at 7 O clock

A

Left ear

33
Q

Which ear has cone of light at 5 o clock

A

Right ear

34
Q

Nose external exam

A

Deformities, symmetry, size/nare patency

Press on maxillary and frontal sinus

35
Q

Nasal speculum to find

A

Septum (deviation)

Rhinorrhea

Masses

Polyps (peeled grapes)

Prominent vessels (snorting drugs)

Allergies (pale/blue, puffy)

36
Q

Abnormal nose findings

A

Sinusitis
Epistaxis
Deviated septums
Polyps

37
Q

Grading tonsils

A

1 and 2 normal

1+: fills <25% oropharynx between tonsil pillars

2+: 25-50%

3+: 50-75%

4+: >75% (almost or fully touching each other)

38
Q

Posterior pharyngeal wall look for

A

Erythema
Drainage

Purulence

Exudates

Cobblestone appearance (allergies)

39
Q

Black harry tonge

A

Smokers, pepto bismol, antibiotics

40
Q

Leukoplakia in mouth

A

Permanent white marks in mouth

Can turn to oral cancer

41
Q

Head lymph nodes should be

A

Less than 1cm or invisible

Soft

Doesnt move

42
Q

Meniere’s disease

A

Inner ear disease that causes dizzy spells (verigo) and hearing loss.

Can affect one or both ears.

43
Q

atopic triad

A

Eczema, allergies, asthma

44
Q

Delayed gagging is common in

A

Elderly

45
Q

ectropion vs entropion

A

Ectropion: eyelid turns outwards

Entropion: eyelid inwards

46
Q

Allergic shiners

A

Allergy symptom

Looks like you got punched in the eye

Assessment Exam 2 (6 decks)

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