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Heating Theory > Heating Review > Flashcards

Heating Review Flashcards

1
Q

Chemical symbol of natural gas

A

CH4

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2
Q

Chemical symbol for propane

A

C3H8

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3
Q

Heating value of natural gas

A

1000btu/ft³

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4
Q

Heating value of propane

A

2500btu/ft³

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5
Q

Specific gravity of natural gas

A

0.6

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6
Q

Limits of flammability for natural gas

A

5-15% fuel to air percent

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7
Q

Relative density of propane liquid

A

0.51

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8
Q

Air required for combustion of natural gas

A

10x fuel volume

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9
Q

Air required for combustion of propane

A

24x fuel volume

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10
Q

Another name for heating value

A

Calorific value

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11
Q

Products of perfect combustion

A

H20 and CO2

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12
Q

What creates aldehides

A

Incomplete combustion

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13
Q

What are the three T’s of combustion?

A

Time, turbulence and temperature

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14
Q

What is theoretical air?

A

Minimum air based on required ratio

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15
Q

What is excess air?

A

Additional 40% of theoretical air

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16
Q

What is total combustion air?

A

Theoretical + excess air

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17
Q

What is the amount of air needed to combust 1Ft³ of methane?

A

10 ft³

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18
Q

What amount of air is needed to combust 1Ft³ of propane?

A

24Ft³

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19
Q

Primary function of a gas burner?

A

To deliver a gas air mixture

20
Q

The three types of gas burners?

A

Air mixing, air supply and flame pattern

21
Q

What is an aerated burner?

A

A burner where fuel and air is mixed upstream of ignition

22
Q

What is an atmospheric burner?

A

Air is supplied through atmospheric means, not forced induction

23
Q

How does a power burner work

A

Mechanical induced air and will not turn on until airflow is proven

24
Q

The two types of flame patern burners?

A

Inshot and upshot

25
Q

What colour of flame indicates incomplete combustion?

A

Yellow

26
Q

What does an orange flame mean?

A

Foreign matter or contamination

27
Q

What causes wavering flames?

A

Drafts or cracked heat exchanger

28
Q

What causes floating flames?

A

Lack of combustion air
Overfired burners
Blocked flue
Orifice is too large

29
Q

What causes a flame rollout?

A

Lack of combustion air
Blocked flue
Burners overfired

30
Q

What causes flashback?

A

Too much primary air
Burners underfired
Wrong sized orifice
Leaking valve
Defective burners

31
Q

What causes the main burner flame to be too large?

A

Overfired burners
Defective regulator
Orifice too large
Incorrect gas

32
Q

What causes a noisy flame?

A

Too much primary air
Noisy pilot
Burr in Orifice

33
Q

What causes fluctuating flames?

A

Unsteady gas pressure
Blocked orifice
Defective main gas valve

34
Q

What causes a lifting flame?

A

Too much primary air
Overfired burners
Orifice too large

35
Q

What is the boiling point of methane?

A

-258⁰F

36
Q

What is the boiling point of propane?

A

-44⁰F

37
Q

What is specific gravity? Aka relative density

A

How many times heavier or lighter than water

38
Q

Specific gravity of liquid methane?

A

0.424

39
Q

What is the ignition point of propane gas?

A

950⁰F

40
Q

What is the ignition point of Natural Gas?

A

1200⁰F

41
Q

What is the maximum flame temp of natural gas?

A

3350⁰F

42
Q

What is the maximum flame temp of propane?

A

3500⁰F

43
Q

What is the flame speed of natural gas?

A

26”/s

44
Q

What is the flame speed of propane?

A

32”/s

45
Q

Range of flamibility for natural gas?

A

5-15%

46
Q

Range of flamibility for propane?

A

2.3-9.5%

Heating Theory (2 decks)

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