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Honors Physical Science > Heat, thermal energy, specific energy, energy transformation > Flashcards

Heat, thermal energy, specific energy, energy transformation Flashcards

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1
Q

Conduction convection and radiation are the three ways…

A

heat changes places (transfers)

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2
Q

Heat just wants to…

A

move!

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3
Q

Temperature is defined as

A

the measure of average kinetic energy of EACH particle in an object.

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4
Q

If the particles in an object have more kinetic energy the object is…

A

hotter

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5
Q

Thermal energy is defined as…

A

the sum of ALL kinetic energy in the particles of an object.

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6
Q

Adding thermal energy causes a rise in…

A

temperature

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7
Q

Thermal energy is dependent on — while temperature is not

A

mass

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8
Q

How do you convert fahrenheit to celsius?

A

(Fahrenheight-32) x 5/9 = Celsius

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9
Q

Heat wants to move from…

A

hot to cool

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10
Q

Conduction is the transfer of heat from…

A

direct touch

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11
Q

Good conductors of heat are

A

metals.

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12
Q

A good conductor of heat is defined as…

A

a material that allows electrical charges to flow through them easily.

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13
Q

A good insulator is defined as…

A

Any material that keeps energy such as heat, or cold from easily transferring through. Wood, plastic, rubber, and glass are good insulators.

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14
Q

Convection is when…

A

hot air rises and cool air falls.

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15
Q

Radiation is when…

A

electromagnetic heat waves travel.

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16
Q

Specific heat is…

A

the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object.

17
Q

When object have stronger bonds it takes more heat energy to break them therefore,

A

it will have more specific heat.

18
Q

Thermal expansion is…

A

the increase in volume of a substance due to increase in temperature.

19
Q

How would you calculate for changes in thermal energy?

A

Q (what’s in joules) = M (mass) x Δ T (change in temp) x Cp (specific heat)

20
Q

The unit for specific heat is…

A

J/kgC or J/gC

21
Q

Heat is the..

A

flow of thermal energy from one object to another.

22
Q

The Fahrenheit scale is the…

A

scale based on 32° for the freezing point of water and 212° for the boiling point of water

23
Q

The Celsius scale is…

A

the scale of temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°

24
Q

Kelvin scale is the…

A

a scale of temperature in which absolute zero is zero and kelvins are used as units

25
Q

Absolute zero is…

A

the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible

26
Q

Sound energy is…

A

the energy produced from vibrations moving through something.

27
Q

Mechanical energy is…

A

the energy that an object gains due to its motion or position.

28
Q

Thermal energy is…

A

the sum of kinetic energy of all the molecules in a system.

29
Q

1 calorie is defined as…

A

the amount of energy it takes to increase the temperature of 1 gram of water.

30
Q

1 calorie is equal to how many joules?

A

4.2

31
Q

If Q in the equation (Q= M x Δ T x Cp) is positive it means that…

A

heat is flowing into the system.

32
Q

If Q in the equation (Q= M x Δ T x Cp) is negative it means that…

A

heat is flowing out of the system.

33
Q

If an ice cube starts at -10 degrees Celsius and we begin to add heat to it the ice’s temperature will begin to rise but at 0 degrees the heat being added will…

A

stop increasing because the ice is melting so a phase change is happening.

34
Q

The amount of heat transferred during a phase change is equal to…

A

The amount of heat transferred = mass x latent heat

35
Q

Latent heat is

A

the heat required to change the phase of a substance and is dependent on the substance.

36
Q

A change from solid to liquid is known as a

A

heat of fusion

37
Q

A change from liquid to gas is known as…

A

heat of vaporization

Honors Physical Science (9 decks)

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