Heat & Temperature Flashcards
What is the definition of heat?
Heat is the energy transferred between objects due to a temperature difference.
True or False: Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
True
Fill in the blank: The unit of measurement for temperature in the metric system is ______.
Celsius
What instrument is used to measure temperature?
Thermometer
What is the freezing point of water in Celsius?
0 degrees Celsius
What is the boiling point of water in Celsius?
100 degrees Celsius
What are the 3 types of heat transfers?
Conduction, Convection, Radiation
What is conduction?
Conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are in contact with each other
What is convection?
Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).
What is radiation?
Radiation is the transfer of heat by invisible waves that travel long distances.
How many directions does heat transfers in conduction?
One direction, from hot substances to cold substances.
Which material is a good conductor of heat?
Metals such as copper and aluminum.
What is an insulator?
An insulator is a material that does not conduct heat well.
What is radiant energy?
Energy that is transferred from its source by radiation. Its transferred by infeared waves
Where do we see and feel radiation?
The sun
Fill in the blank: The particles in liquids or gas move in a ________ motion called convection currents?
Circular
What are sources of natural thermal energy?
The sun, hot springs, yellow stone, gyser, and fire.
What happens to the particles in a substance as it heats up?
The particles move faster and spread apart.
What is Solar Energy?
Solar energy is energy given off by the sun
True or False: All substances expand when heated.
True
What is the main source of heat for the Earth?
The Sun
What are the 2 ways we use the sun’s energy for solar heating?
Passive and active.
Fill in the blank: The transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves does not require a ______.
medium
What is a thermocouple?
A thermocouple is a device that measures temperature using the voltage generated at the junction of two different metals.
What is passive solar heating?
Passive heating is reducing heat loss and increasing heat gain from the sun.
What side do we put windows on?
The south side?
Fill in the blank: In a passive heating system we ___________ the building as much as possible.
Insulate
What are the 3 components to an Active solar heating?
Collector, Heat storage unit, heat distribution system.
How does a passive heating system work?
Water is used in the collector to trap solar energy. Copper tubing on a black surface is placed under glass panels. As the sun’s rays pass through the glass, the area becomes heated. The water running through the tubing becomes heated and is pumped to the heat storage and distributions units.
True or false: The sun’s energy is renewable?
True
What is a sensor?
A sensor is a material which is affected by changes in some feature of the environment such as temperature
What is a signal?
A signal provides information about temperature such as an electric current.
What is a responder?
A responder indicates the data with a pointer light or other mechanism using the signal.
What is heat energy?
energy that flows from matter at a
higher temperature to matter at a lower
temperature
What are the four points to the particle model of matter?
Everything is made of particles, particles are always moving, heat effects particles, and particles have space in between them.
The particles are close together and slowly bounce off each other. This is describing the particles of a _______?
Solid
What are the particles in a liquid like?
A little spaced out and moving at medium speed.
What are the particles in a gas like?
Very spaced out moving freely and very quickly.
What does adding heat from a substance do to the particles?
Speeds them up and makes the substance hotter.
What does taking away heat from a substance do to the particles?
Slows them down and makes the substance colder.
How does volume change with heat?
The volume expands in warmer temperatures meaning it increased. The volume contracts in cooler temperature meaning it decreased.
What is the difference between heat and temperature?
Heat is a form of thermal energy that transfers to an object because of the temperature difference. Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion or movement.
What is thermal energy?
Total kinetic energy of the
particles in a substance
We measure temperature using a ________
Therometer
What are 3 examples of radiation
The sun, ovens, and radio waves
What are 3 examples of conduction
A metal spoon in hot water, hot coffee in a mug, and cooking on a gas stoce.
What are 3 examples of convection
Boiling water, hair dryer, and hot air balloon.
What is active solar heating?
Active solar heating is a system that uses the sun’s energy to heat air or liquid, which is then circulated throughout a building.
How does the active solar heating work?
A solar collector absorbs the sun’s energy
Pumps or fans move the heated air or liquid through the building
The heated air or liquid is used to heat a space or stored for later use
How do solar panels work?
Sunlight hits the panel: Special materials in the solar panel react when light shines on them.Electricity is made: This reaction creates electricity.Electricity is changed: The electricity is changed to a type that can power your home.
What is the difference between renewable and non renewable?
Renewable lasts forever while non renewable will eventually run out.
How are fossil fuels formed?
Fossil fuels are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that were buried and subjected to intense heat and pressure over millions of years.
