Heat And Work; From Brightspace Flashcards
What phenomenon justifies the birth of thermochemistry?
The mutual inter-conversion of mechanical work and heat.
What are all objects in the universe made of?
Matter.
What is the key difference between boiling water and chilled water?
Their energy content; boiling water has more energy.
How is energy defined?
The capacity to do work or transfer heat.
What is work defined as in physics?
The energy transferred when a force causes a displacement of an object.
What is the formula for calculating work?
w = F * d.
What does ‘F’ represent in the work equation?
The force exerted on the object.
What does ‘d’ represent in the work equation?
The distance that the object moves.
What are the two fundamental forms of energy?
Kinetic energy and potential energy.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
E_k = 1/2 mv^2.
What factors affect the magnitude of kinetic energy?
- Mass of the object
- Velocity of the object.
What happens to the kinetic energy of an object as its velocity increases?
It increases.
What is potential energy?
The stored energy arising from the position of an object relative to others.
What is an example of potential energy being converted into kinetic energy?
A cyclist rolling down a hill.
What is electrostatic potential energy?
The potential energy arising from the interactions between charged particles.
What is the relationship between opposite and like charges?
Opposite charges attract each other, while like charges repel.
What is the significance of chemical energy in fuels?
It is due to the potential energy stored in the arrangements of atoms.
What happens to chemical energy when fuels react?
It is released when bonds are formed and consumed when bonds are broken.
What is thermal energy?
The energy associated with temperature.
Fill in the blank: Energy is defined as the capacity to do work or transfer _______.
heat.
True or False: Kinetic energy is independent of an object’s mass.
False.
True or False: Potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy.
True.
What is the effect of increased molecular motion on thermal energy?
It leads to increased thermal energy.
