Heat Flashcards
What is Absorption?
The process in which radiation is soaked up by an object
Dark-coloured materials tend to absorb radiation.
What is Conduction?
The transfer of thermal energy by direct contact
Conduction occurs when you iron a shirt. Thermal energy transfers from the hot iron to the shirt.
What is a conductor?
A material that conducts thermal energy well
**Metals are good conductors **of thermal energy, which is why they are often used to make pots and pans.
What is connvection?
The transfer of thermal energy by the flow of a fluid
When a fluid heats up, it becomes less dense and tends to rise, carrying thermal energy with it.
What is a convection current?
The circular movement of a fluid caused by heating
Convection currents are caused by differences in temperature and density.
What is a fluid?
Any substance that can flow
Gases and liquids are both fluids, but solids are not.
What is Heat?
The transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a colder one
Conduction, convection and radiation are different types of thermal energy transfer
What is Infared radiation?
Electromagnetic waves (EMW) that can’t be seen but can be felt as heat
All objects emit infrared radiation. Infrared cameras show us how much thermal energy they are radiating.
What is an insulator?
A material that conducts thermal energy poorly
Plastics, air, wood and cloth are good insulators.
What is Kinetic energy?
Energy a moving object has because of its motion
Hot substances have particles with more kinetic energy than cold substances.
What is Radiation?
The transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves (EMW)
All objects radiate thermal energy. Radiation is how thermal energy from the Sun gets to Earth.
What is a reflection?
The process in which radiation bounces off an object
Light-coloured and shiny materials tend to reflect radiation.
What is Thermal energy?
The energy in an object that determines its temperature
Hotter substances have more thermal energy because their particles have more kinetic energy.
What is transmission?
The process in which radiation passes through an object
Clear or transparent materials tend to transmit radiation.
