Heat Flashcards
What does the particle theory consist of?
The kinetic particle theory states that all matter is made up of tiny particles (atoms, molecules, ions etc.). Between these particles, electric forces, both attractive and repulsive exist. Particles move constantly in a random manner making them possess kinetic energy. Collisions between particles involve no loss in kinetic energy.
What is thermal energy?
The thermal energy of an object is the sum of kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in the object.
What is temperature?
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of particles in the object. This is measured in degrees Celsius, degrees Fahrenheit and Kelvin.
What is heat?
Heat describes the thermal energy being transferred between objects because of the difference in temperatures. Thermal energy keeps getting transferred until thermal equilibrium is reached.
What is thermal equilibrium?
Thermal equilibrium is the point when both objects reach equal temperature.
What is the formula for Thermal energy?
The formula is:
Q = mc∆T
Where:
Q = Thermal Energy (J)
m= Mass (kg)
c = Specific Heat Capacity (JKg^-1K^-1)
What is latent heat?
Latent Heat is heat absorbed or released during a phase change of an object.
What are the two types of Latent Heat?
The two types of latent heat include:
- Latent heat of fusion
- Latent heat of vapourisation
What are the methods of heat transfer?
Conduction: Occurs when two objects of different temperatures are in direct contact (touching).
Natural Convection: Natural convection describes the motion of a fluid (liquid or gas) that is caused by natural forces within it. Hotter parts of a liquid will flow upwards while cooler parts will stay at the bottom.
Radiation: Radiation consists of electromagnetic waves which transmit energy from a source to an absorber.
What is a thermal conductor?
A thermal conductor is any material that thermal energy flows quickly.
What is a thermal insulator?
A thermal insulator is any material that thermal energy flows slowly.
