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Heat and Temperature > Heat > Flashcards

Heat Flashcards

1
Q

What is heat?

A

A form of energy that causes a rise in temperature when added and a fall in temperature when withdrawn

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2
Q

What is the SI unit of heat?

A

Joule (J)

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3
Q

What is heat capacity?

A

Denoted by C, it is the heat required to change an objects temperature by 1 kelvin

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4
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

Denoted by c, it is the heat required to change 1kg of a substance by 1 kelvin

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5
Q

What is latent heat?

A

It is the heat required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature

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6
Q

A solid changing to liquid is…

A

Melting

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7
Q

A liquid changing to solid is…

A

Freezing

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8
Q

A liquid changing to gas is…

A

Vaporisation

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9
Q

A gas changing to liquid is…

A

Condensation

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10
Q

A solid changing to gas is…

A

Sublimation

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11
Q

A gas changing to solid is…

A

Deposition

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12
Q

A gas changing to plasma is…

A

Ionisation

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13
Q

Plasma changing to gas is…

A

Deionization

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14
Q

What is specific latent heat?

A

Denoted by l, it is the heat required to change the state of 1kg of a substance without changing its temperature

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15
Q

What do heat pumps do?

A

They force a change of state and uses the latent heat energy for its purpose

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16
Q

Give two examples of heat pumps.

A

Perspiration and fridges

17
Q

Explain perspiration.

A

Liquid sweat forms on the surface of the skin and evaporates. The body takes the latent heat the body’s energy level is lowered.

18
Q

Explain how a fridge works.

A

High pressure liquid (hpl) enters an expansion mechanism which forces it to a low pressure liquid (lpl) by moving it’s particles apart. The lpl tries to change state to a low pressure vapour (lpv) and it takes the latent energy required from the fridge contents. The lpv enters a compressor which forces its particles together and becomes a high pressure vapour (hpv). The hpv tries to change state to a hpl and the latent energy it releases is given out from the back radiator fins of the fridge. The cycle repeats.

19
Q

What are the three methods of heat transfer?

A

Conduction, convection and radiation

20
Q

What is conduction?

A

The transfer of heat in solids by passing kinetic energy from molecule to molecule

21
Q

What is convection?

A

The transfer of heat energy in liquids or gasses through circular currents

22
Q

What is heat radiation?

A

The transfer of heat energy as electromagnetic waves without the need of a medium

23
Q

What is the solar constant?

A

The amount of solar energy striking 1 square meter of the earth’s atmosphere every second, 1.37kW-²

24
Q

How do solar heating panels work?

A

They consist of liquid filled pipes in a glass box. The dark coloured pipes absorb the sunlight which heats up the liquid.

25
Q

What do photovoltaic cells do?

A

They convert light energy to electrical energy

26
Q

What is a U-value?

A

An indicator of how good a substance is at transmitting heat across it.

27
Q

A high U-value means the substance is…

A

A good conductor

28
Q

A low U-value indicates the substance is…

A

A good insulator

29
Q

What is the U-value of a substance? (Advanced)

A

The amount of heat energy that can be transmitted across 1 square meter of a substances surface every second

Heat and Temperature (2 decks)

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