heat Flashcards
explain the state of the atoms in their 3 different states
solid - particles stay in their spot tightly packed, vibrating
liquid - particles flow freely and are loose, also vibrate on the spot
gas - particles are free can move anywhere
when heat is applied to a substance, what happens to the atoms?
the atoms gain kinetic energy to move/vibrate rapidly
what happens to the atoms when there isn’t any heat applied?
the particles don’t move
what does a thermometer measure?
measures temperature, the measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in the substance, depending on the substances state.
the particles of hotter substances move…
…fast
the particles of cold substances move…
…slow, or don’t move
what temperature is absolute zero?
- 273 celsius
what temperature do particles stop moving completely?
- 273 celsius
what is heat used to describe?
it is used to describe the total energy of all particles within an object
name three ways of heat transfer:
conduction, convection and radiation
what is heat transfer?
it is when heat travels from a hot place to an area of lower temperature
the more heat…
the faster heat can travel
what is conduction?
it is when heat transfers from a hot place to a colder one
why do the hotter particles travel to colder areas quickly?
because it has alot of kinetic energy to move faster
conduct?
control
four great conductors of heat:
aluminium, silver, gold and copper
what do good conductors do?
they can keep the heat of the substance or coldness
seven insulators:
wood, plastic, air, gas, cloths, cork and rubber.
what do insulators do? know as what?
insulators block heat transfer completely, poor conductors of heat.
when does air get to move?
when air is heated, it gets the energy to move
hot air is less?
dense than cold air
what makes air pushed upwards?
cold air
what can happen in convection? why?
heat can transfer in solids and gasses because their particles can move around, and cant happen in solids because particles won’t be able to move
what is convection?
is the transfer of heat in a liquid or gas because of less dense warmer matter rises and the cooler matter falling
