Heart Structures Flashcards
1
Q
The heart
A
- consists of cardiac muscle
Functions - pump blood throughout body
- keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate
- ensure blood flows in only one direction
2
Q
Heart chambers (how many, names, top & bottom)
A
- 4 chambers in human heart
- top 2 are atria chambers
- bottom 2 are ventricles
3
Q
Heart Chambers (right)
A
Right atrium:
- fills with deoxygenated blood returning from the body
Right ventricle:
- receives blood from the right atrium & pumps this to lungs
4
Q
Heart chambers (left)
A
Left atrium:
- receives oxygenated blood returning from lungs
Left ventricle:
- receives blood from the left atrium & pumps to the rest of the body.
5
Q
Septum
A
- muscular wall that separates ventricles
6
Q
Blood vessels (vena cava)
A
- Superior vena cava collects deoxygenated blood from the head, chest, and arms
- Inferior vena cava collects deoxygenated blood from tissues elsewhere in body
7
Q
Blood vessles (pulmonary arteries).
A
- Deoxygenated blood flows from the right ventricle into the left and right pulmonary arteries which deliver blood to the lungs
- These are the only arteries that contain deoxygenated blood
8
Q
Blood vessels (pulmonary veins)
A
- Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the left atrium through the left and right pulmonary veins
- These are the only veins that contain oxygenated blood
9
Q
Blood vessel (aorta)
A
- Oxygenated blood from the left ventricle leaves through the aorta
- The largest blood vessel in the body
10
Q
Valves
A
- The heart contains four valves. These ensure that blood travel in the correct direction
- The atria and ventricles are separated by the atrioventricular valves
- Right side: tricuspid valve
- Left side: bicuspid (mitral) valve
- These two valves are held in place by tendons called chordae tendinae
Valves between the ventricles and the major blood vessels are referred to as the semilunar valves
a. Aortic semilunar valve
b. Pulmonary semilunar valve
