heart rhytms Flashcards
What rhythm has a rate of 60–100 bpm, a regular rhythm, upright P waves before each QRS, a PR interval of 0.12–0.20 sec, and a QRS duration of <0.12 sec?
Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)
What rhythm is irregular and varies with respiration, increasing with inspiration and decreasing with expiration?
Sinus Arrhythmia
What rhythm has a heart rate of less than 60 bpm and originates from the SA node?
Sinus Bradycardia
What rhythm has a heart rate greater than 100 bpm (typically <150 bpm) and originates from the SA node?
Sinus Tachycardia
What rhythm occurs when the SA node fails to fire, causing a pause in the rhythm?
Sinus Arrest
What rhythm is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm, no visible P waves, and a fibrillatory baseline?
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)
What rhythm presents with a ‘sawtooth’ flutter wave pattern and may be regular or irregular?
Atrial Flutter
What type of beat appears early with an abnormally shaped P wave, sometimes hidden in the previous T wave?
Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
What premature atrial beat occurs too early and is not followed by a QRS complex?
Nonconducted PAC
What atrial rhythm has a rate of 150–250 bpm, often with hidden or abnormal P waves?
Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT)
What rhythm has a narrow QRS, a fast rate of 150–250 bpm, and no visible P waves?
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
What early beat has a missing, inverted, or retrograde P wave and a normal QRS?
Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC)
What junctional rhythm has a rate of 40–60 bpm?
Junctional Escape Rhythm
What junctional rhythm has a rate of 60–100 bpm?
Accelerated Junctional Rhythm
What junctional rhythm has a rate greater than 100 bpm?
Junctional Tachycardia
What type of early beat is wide and bizarre (>0.12 sec) and does not have a preceding P wave?
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)
What rhythm has a wide QRS, a regular and fast rate (>100 bpm), and no P waves?
Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)
What polymorphic ventricular rhythm presents with twisting QRS complexes?
Torsades de Pointes
What rhythm is chaotic and has no discernible P waves, QRS complexes, or T waves?
Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib)
What rhythm presents as a flatline with no electrical activity?
Asystole
What ventricular rhythm has a rate of 20–40 bpm, a wide QRS, and no P waves?
Idioventricular Rhythm (IVR)
What ventricular rhythm has a rate of 40–100 bpm and a wide QRS?
Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm (AIVR)
What rhythm has a rate below 20 bpm, wide QRS complexes, and is often a pre-terminal rhythm?
Agonal Rhythm
