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Dysrythmia > Heart rhythms > Flashcards

Heart rhythms Flashcards

1
Q

5 small boxes in a strip (to make medium box) equals how long

A

.2 sec

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2
Q

One small box in a strip equals how long?

A

.04 sec

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3
Q

5 medium boxes (25 small boxes) is how long?

A

1 second

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4
Q

How long is a normal PR interval?

A

.12-.2 seconds

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5
Q

how long is the QRS complex?

A

<.12 seconds

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6
Q

how long is the QT interval?

A

<.44 seconds

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7
Q

treatment for sinus tach if asymptomatic?

treatment for sinus Brady?

A

sinus tach: treat the cause

sinus Brady: atropine, transcutaneous pacing

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8
Q

When is atropine contraindicated for treatment of sinus bradycardia?

A

if the pt has suspected inferior wall MI

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9
Q

classification for sinus Brady? (Rate)

A

<60 bpm

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10
Q

classification for sinus tach (Rate)?

A

> 100 bpm

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11
Q

Sinus arrhythmia facts…

A

irregular rhythm
rate is normal
good PR and QRS
occurs with respiration changes
inc with inspiration
dec with expiration

common in young adults and children
no treatment necessary

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12
Q

PAC facts

A

premature p wave occurs, pause may occur after early beat

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13
Q

treatment for PAC

A

if infrequent, no treatment necessary
if frequent, find cause and treat

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14
Q

SVT is used often interchangeably with what phrase?

A

atrial tachycardia

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15
Q

rate for SVT

A

140-250

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16
Q

characteristics of SVT

A

rapid fast rhythm
PR interval abnormal, usually hidden in T wave
QRS normal

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17
Q

What is the treatment for SVT?

A

if stable: adenosine
if unstable: cardiovert

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18
Q

Afib characteristics

A

very irregular rhythm
QRS normal
PRI interval not able to be distinguished

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19
Q

treatment for A fib

A

if stable: meds: ca channel blockers, dig, beta blockers

if unstable: cardiovert

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20
Q

Atrial Flutter characteristics

A

can be regular or irregular rhythm
P waves are flutter waves (saw tooth patterns)

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21
Q

Treatment for Atrial Flutter

A

if stable: meds (ca channel blockers, dig, beta blockers

if unstable: cardiovert

(treatment just like A fib)

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22
Q

Where does junctional rhythm occur?

A

AV node; AV junction

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23
Q

Characteristics of junctional rhythm

A

-rate: 40-60
-P waves are inverted in lead 2
-may occur before, after and hidden in QRS complex
-PR interval is short (<10 seconds)

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24
Q

names and rates of junctional rhythms

A

junctional: 40-60
accelerated junctional: 60-100
junctional tachycardia:>100

25
Q

1st degree heart block characteristics

A

prolonged PR interval at >.20 seconds
regular rhythm
p for every qrs

26
Q

treatment for 1st degree heart block

A

treatment not needed, monitor

27
Q

this dysrhythmia entails: progressive elongation of PR interval until there is a drop in QRS complex and a pause, then is happens again

A

2nd degree Type 1 (Wenckebach)

28
Q

rate characteristic of 2nd degree type 1 heart block

A

regular atrial
irregular ventricular

29
Q

treatment of Second degree type 1 (Wenckebach) heart block

A

if unstable: atropine

30
Q

2nd degree type 2 heart block

A

2 or 3 P waves before most QRS complexes

PR interval may be normal or long, remains constant

31
Q

treatment for 2nd degree type 2

A

TCP

32
Q

third degree heart block characteristics

A

atria and ventricles are contracting irrespective of their relationship to each other;
no relationship between p and qrs waves
regular rhythm
-p waves can be seen before qrs, before t wave, (marching through each wave)

33
Q

treatment for third degree heart block

A

TCP

34
Q

what does PVC stand for?

A

premature ventricular contraction

35
Q

characteristic of PVC

A

premature beat
wide bizarre qrs complex included (wide v shape)
can be univocal (same shape) or multifocal)

36
Q

what are the 5 life threatening arrhythmia?

A

V tach, V fib, Torsades de Pointes, Asystole, Pulseless Electrical Activity

37
Q

Rate of V tach

A

140-250

38
Q

characteristics of V tach

A

no discernable P waves
Wide even QRS complexes

39
Q

treatment for V tach

A

if no pulse, call a code
MSET (med sure emergency team)
CPR
Defib
Meds

if has pulse: antiarrythmic drug, possible cardioversion

40
Q

what lethal arrhythmia is a type of v tach?

A

torsades de pointes

41
Q

rate of torsades

A

> 250

42
Q

Torsades de pointes characteristics

A

qrs changes from + to - polarity

43
Q

what is usually the cause of torsades

A

electrolyte abnormality, prolonged QT interval;

44
Q

treatment for torsades

A

If no pulse:
call code (mset)
CPR
Defib
Antiarrythmic drugs

If has pulse:
Magnesium 1-2 gram
possible cardioversion

45
Q

wavy chaotic baseline compose of irregular waveforms that vary in amplitude and morphology

A

V fib

46
Q

rate of V fib

A

0 (pulseless)

47
Q

V fib treatment

A

Defib

48
Q

any p waves of v fib

A

none

49
Q

treatment of asystole

A

call code (meet)
cpr
epi

50
Q

is systole shockable

A

NO

51
Q

what is PEA

A

when electrical impulse shows on monitor but pt has no pulse

52
Q

treatment of PEA

A

treat like asystole

53
Q

this is when: the heart chamber has failed to respond to a pacing stimulus

A

failure to capture

54
Q

how does failure to capture look like on a strip?

A

after a pacer spike, a contraction is not followed as should

55
Q

failure to capture symptoms & treatment

A

sob, diaphoretic, bradycardic

treatment: prep for TCP

56
Q

if vagal maneuver does not work for pt experiencing SVT, what do you do?

A

administer adenosine

57
Q

treatment for symptomatic SVT

A

cardioversion

58
Q

this heart rhythm characteristic: p waves are inverted in lead 2

A

junctional rhythm

59
Q

best interventional treatment for V fib

A

Defibrillate

Dysrythmia (1 decks)

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