Heart Parts Flashcards

1
Q

Coronary sulcus

A

Groove between atria and ventricles

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2
Q

Interventricular sulcus

A

Groove between ventricles

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3
Q

Interatrial and interventricular septum

A

Muscular and membranous. Separation atria/ventricles.

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4
Q

Crista Terminalis

A

Ridge separating smooth and rough RA.

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5
Q

Pectinate Muscles

A

Comb-like muscular ridges wall of part of the RA and in the left auricle.

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6
Q

Fossa Ovalis

A

Oval shaped depression on the interatrial septum of RA. Marks foramen ovale.

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7
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

RA RV

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8
Q

Trabeculae Carneae

A

Muscular Bundles on the wall of the ventricles.

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9
Q

Papillary Muscles

A

Muscles attached to the atrioventricular valve cusps via chordae tendineae. They hold the valve closed when the ventricle contracts. Prevent backflow. Do not contract to open the valve.

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10
Q

Septomarginal Trabecula (Moderator Band)

A

Band of muscle containing connective tissue connecting the interventricular septum to the anterior papillary muscle and the anterior wall of the RV.

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11
Q

Conus arteriosus (Infundibulum)

A

The smooth outflow tract of the RV leading up to the pulmonary valve.

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12
Q

Pulmonary (Semilunar) Valve

A

Between the conus arteriosus and the pulmonary trunk. Three cup-like cusps. Each cusp has a central thickening called a nodule that is important for valve closure. Passively open by blood flow. When the ventricle relaxes, blood falls back down the outflow tract and collects in the sinuses of the semilunar valve. As the sinuses fill, the nodules of the three cusps meet and form the shape of an inverted pyramid; this prevents the cusps from descending further and keeps the valves closed.

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13
Q

Valve of Foramen Ovale

A

Piece of tissue on the interatrial septum of the LA that is a remnant of the primitive interatrial septum in the embryo. Usually it closes.

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14
Q

Bicuspid Valve

A

LA and LV atrioventricular valve. Bishop’s mitre. Two cusps.

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15
Q

Chordae Tendineae

A

Attaches muscle to valve.

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16
Q

Semilunar Valve

A

Aortic Valve. Three cups. Each has a nodule central thickening for closing. Passively opened. Closed by blood filling the sinuses. Inverted pyramid.

17
Q

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

A

A thickening in the wall of the LV due to normal exercise or pathology such as aortic stenosis or cardiomyopathy.

18
Q

Apex

A

The tip of the heart. It lies deep to the 5th intercostal space. The apex is anterior and to the left. Reclining on its left side.

19
Q

Base

A

Posterior. The large part of the cone. LA, some RA, and proximal great veins.

20
Q

Right and left auricle

A

Ear like appendages attached to atria. No significant function. Developmental remnants.