Heart murmurs Flashcards
Systolic Murmur def
occurs during muscle contractions.
Divided into Ejections murmurs and Regurgitation murmurs
High pitched,
Crescendo- Decrescendo (“diamond shaped”),
Midsystolic murmor located at AORTIC LOSTENING POST radiating toward neck.
Aortic Stenosis
midsystolic, high-pitched, crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard best at the pulmonic listening post and radiating slightly toward the neck
increased intensity during inspiration
(does not radiate as widely)
Pulmonic Stenosis
Which of these could be an opening snap that becomes louder with inspiration?
A Tricuspid stenosis
B Aortic stenosis
C Pulmonary stenosis
D Mitral Stenosis
Tricuspid Stenosis
“opening snap” sounds. If a heart sound gets louder on inhalation, this is a clue that the sound is coming from the right side of the heart.
When you place your stethoscope on your patient you hear an early to mid systolic murmur in the pulmonic area with a fixed wide split S2 sound. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A Atrial septal defect
B Pulmonary valve regurgitation
C Ventricular septal defect
D Pulmonary stenosis
Atrial Septal Defect
The S2 is fixed-split in a person with an ASD. Mid systolic murmur in the pulmonic area with a fixed wide split S2 sound
Holosystolic Murmurs
name them bitch
AV valve regurgitation
Ventricular septal Defects (VSD)
Mitral regurgitation
Tricuspid regurgitation
Mitral valve prolapse
Which murmur is often described as a late systolic crescendo with a mid-systolic click?
A Aortic insufficiency B Aortic regurgitation C Aortic stenosis D Mitral valve stenosis E Mitral valve prolapse
Mitral valve prolapse
late systolic crescendo with a Mid-systolic click; created by the sudden tightening of the chordae tendineae in the left ventricle.
This is a harsh holosystolic murmur that is found at the apex. The murmur has a medium to high pitch sound. The sound of the murmur does not get louder with inspiration. The sound can radiate to the left axilla and sometimes the left sternal boarder. What is the most likely murmur?
A Mitral valve regurgitation
B Tricuspid regurgitation
C Ventricular septal defect
D Aortic stenosis
Mitral Valve Regurgitation
high-pitched, “blowing” holosystolic murmur loudest at the apex and radiating to the axilla are great clues for Mitral valve regurgitation; does not increase with inspiration, which helps to distinguish it from the murmur of tricuspid regurgitation.
Which stenosis is heard at the second right intercostal space?
Aortic Stenosis
Where would you hear an ventricular septal defect when auscultating the heart?
(aortic, pulmonary, tricupsid, mitral area?)
Tricuspid Area
Where would you hear a mitral regurgitation?
Left side of the chest over the apex of the <3 at the mid clavicular line
A systolic sound here would indicate mitral regurgitation. A diastolic sound here would indicate mitral stenosis.
Where would you listen to hear pulmonic stenosis?
2nd intercostal space along the left sternal border
Which of these would be heard while auscultating the right side of the chest?
Aortic Regurgitation
Which one of these is NOT heard at the pulmonic area?
A Pulmonic regurgitation
B Pulmonic stenosis
C Flow mumur (e.g. atrial septal defect)
Pulmonic Regurgitation
What are known to give off the sound of an “opening snap”?
Mitral and tricuspid stenosis
- tricuspid gets louder with inhalation