Heart murmurs Flashcards
Systolic murmurs
- AS
- PS
- MR
- TR
- Mitral valve prolapse
Diastolic murmurs
- AR
- PR
- MS
- TS
How is a murmur graded?
1 - heard only if you listen hard for ages
2 - faint but heard easily
3 - loud no thrill
4 - loud with thrill
Describe the murmur of aortic stenosis
Opening click +ejection harsh systolic murmur
Describe the murmur of pulmonary stenosis
Ejection systolic
Describe the murmur of mitral regurgitation
Pansystolic
Describe the murmur of tricuspid regurgitation
Pansystolic
Describe the murmur of mitral valve prolapse
Mid systolic click + mid/late systolic murmur
What are aortic stenosis findings?
- Opening click + harsh ejection systolic murmur
- Slow rising small volume pulse, narrow pulse pressure
- Displaced apex beat if LVH
- Systolic thrill in aortic area
- Reduced/absent S2
- Radiates to caortids
What are pulmonary stenosis findings?
- Ejection systolic murmur
- Right-sided HF (RV heave, tricuspid regurgitation, raised JVP)
- Widely split S2
- Radiates to left shoulder/infrclavicular
What are aortic regurgitation findings?
- Decrescendo early diastolic murmur
- Collapsing pulse
- Displaced hyperdynamic apex beat
- Radiates to left sternal edge
What are mitral stenosis findings?
- Opening snap + low pitched rumbling mid-diastolic murmur
- Loud S1
- Tapping apex beat
- AF
- Signs of pulmonary HTN (malar flush, right sternal heave, engorged neck veins)
What is aortic regurgitation murmur?
Decrescendo early diastolic murmur
What is pulomonary regurgitation murmur?
Early decrescendo diastolic murmur
What is mitral stenosis murmur?
Opening snap + low pitched rumbling mid-diastolic murmur
