Heart Failure Path Flashcards
What do hypertrophied cells contain?
increased number of mitochondria and enlarged nuclei
how are new sarcomeres assembled in pressure overload hypertrophy?
in PARALLEL to long axes
how are new sarcomeres assembled in VOLUME overload hypertrophy
in Series (measure heart weight not thickness)
what are hemosiderin laden macrophages
heart failure cells
Left sided heart failure causes what?
pulmonary congestion and edema
Decreased Peripheral Blood pressure and flow
what causes concentric hypertrophy
hypertension, aortic stenosis (INCREASED AFTERLOAD)
What causes Eccentric hypertrophy?
Volume overload (increased Preload)
what are kerley b lines?
perivascular and interstitial transudate particularly in the interlobular septa
What are the causes of left sided heart failure
valvular issues, hypertension, ischemic heart disease
what is the most common cause of right sided heart failure?
Left sided heart failure
What is cor pulmonale
Chronic pulmonary hypertension (increased after load causing right sided heart failure )
cirrhosis is caused by what?
right sided heart failure
pleural effusion is caused by what?
right sided heart failure
left sided heart failure can lead to atrial fib and the stasis increases risk of what?
thrombus/thromboembolic stroke
What are the hallmarks of right sided heart failure
ankle and pretibial edema
