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Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

What vaccination should heart failure patients be offered?

A

Yearly pneumococcal and flu vaccines

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2
Q

What are causes of heart failure?

A 
Ischaemic
Valvular issues
Volume overload
Obesity
Arrhythmias
Drugs
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3
Q

What investigations are done in heart failure?

A 
ECHO (calculate EF) 
FBC
Clotting
CRP
CXR
BNP
ECG
Cardiac enzymes
CK
AST
lactate
Cardiac angiogram
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4
Q

What does BNP measure?

A

damage to myocytes but very non specific

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5
Q

How is heart failure classified?

A 
NYHA criteria
Symtom based (stage 1-4)
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6
Q

How is heart failure managed?

A

ACEi and BB (BISOPROLOL) to decrease afterload and slow the heart
then add Aldosterone Antagonist (Spironolactone)
then Digoxin if needed

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7
Q

How do you treat the symptoms of heart failure?

A

Diuretics for oedema

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8
Q

What is done in primary prevention of heart failure?

A

Health checks for over 40s
Smoking campaigns
Q risk scores

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9
Q

What is done in secondary prevention of heart failure?

A

Aspiring

Dietary changes

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10
Q

What is done in tertiary prevention of heart failure?

A

Diuretics

Inhalers etc

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GP (9 decks)

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