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Heart Exam > Heart Exam > Flashcards

Heart Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Capillaries

A
  • carries oxygenated blood
  • known as “leaky blood vessels”
  • so thin that it can only pass one red blood cell at a time
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2
Q

Vena Cava

A
  • Largest of veins in the body

- takes the deoxygenated blood and dumps it into the right atrium

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3
Q

Veins

A
  • carries deoxygenated blood to the vena cava

- have many one way flap like valves that carry blood back to the heart

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4
Q

Venues

A
  • carry deoxygenated blood back to the veins
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5
Q

Path of blood flow (top to bottom)

A

Aorta,Arteries(LRG), Arterioles, Capillaries, Veins (Med), Veins (LRG), Vena Cava

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6
Q

Human Heart

A
  • center of the chest, below the sternum

- enclosed in tough double walled pericardium (allows the heart to move and protects it from friction)

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7
Q

Structure and blood flow

A

-double pump with two, two chambered halves, separated by the septum

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8
Q

Right atrium

A
  • receives blood from the upper part of the body (superior vena cava) and lower part of the body (inferior vena cava)
  • contraction pushes blood through the right A-V valve (tricuspid valve)
  • all of the valves in heart are one way valves
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9
Q

Right ventricle

A
  • received blood from the right atrium
  • strong muscular contraction pushes blood through the right S-L valve (pulmonary valve) through the pulmonary artery towards the lungs
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10
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Splits into right and left and takes the blood away from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and the removal of carbon dioxide

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11
Q

Pulmonary vein

A
  • right and left bring blood from the lungs to the left atrium
  • left atrium contracts (simultaneously with the right atrium) and sends blood through the left A-V valve (mitral valve)
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12
Q

Left Ventricle

A
  • receives blood from the left atrium
  • strong muscular contraction (simultaneously with the right ventricle) pushes blood through S-L valve of the aorta (aortic valve)
  • coronary, branchiocephalic, left carotid, left subclavin arteries (THERE ARE FOUR
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13
Q

Heart Rate/Heart Beat

A
  • Distole (relegation of the ventricles,contraction of the atria/filling)
  • systole (contraction of the ventricles/pumping)
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14
Q

The Lub-Dub Sound

A
  • “lub” is the closing of the A-V valves,systole
  • “dub” is the closing of the S-L valves, diastole
  • unmuffled the valves snap shut producing a clicking sound
  • the control of contraction of the atria- a mass of nerves called the sonogram (SA) node (heart pacemaker)
  • the control center of contraction of the ventricles-atrioventricular AV node
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15
Q

Heart rate

A
  • As your heart pumps blood through your body, you can feel a pulsing in some of the blood vessels close to the skins surface
  • Average adult resting heart rate is 70 bpm
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16
Q

Atherosclerosis

A
  • atherosclerosis is a disease in which plague builds up inside your arteries, the blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood to your heart and other parts of the body
  • Plague is made up of fat,cholesterol,calcium and other substances found in the blood
17
Q

Atherosclerosis (cont)

A
  • plague hardens over time and narrows arteries
  • limits oxygen rich blood to other parts of your body
  • If blood flow is reduced you may develop angina (chest pain/discomfort)
  • Will form blood clots is plague bursts
  • If a vessel bursts in the brain, a stroke will occur
  • if the rupture occurs in the heart, patient will suffer a heart attack
18
Q

Parts of blood

A

Blood: plasma,blood cells,platelets,fibrin and clotting factors, leukocytes,erythrocytes

19
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid part of blood

- consists of water and dissolved substances such as salts,glucose,amino acids,hormones,vitamins,waste products

20
Q

Fibrin

A

Insoluble proteins that form fibres at the site of an injury (foundation of a blood clot)

21
Q

Leukocyte

A
  • colourless cells that produce antibodies and are able to move in and out of the vessels to the location of injury where they can surround and engulf foreign bodies
22
Q

Ethrocyte

A
  • contains hemoglobin (pigment that is red green it’s the presence of oxygen and blue in a sense
  • disk shaped,no nucleus
23
Q

Platelets

A
  • a small disk of red tissue which has no nucleus they play a role in blood clotting as they release serotonin which causes vessels to constrict so bleeding is reduced
24
Q

Arteries

A

Muscular vessels that always carries oxygenated blood AWAY FROM THE HEART, with the exception of the pulmonary arteries that always carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

25
Q

Different types of arteries: Aorta

A
  • largest organ

- moves blood at 1.6km/h

26
Q

Different types of arteries/ Arterioles (smaller arteries)

A
  • No thicker than a hair

- carry oxygenated blood from arteries to capillaries

Heart Exam (1 decks)

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