Heart deck

Question 1

Intraventrical

Answer 1

wall in heart

Question 2

Stage 1 of impulse

Answer 2

SA node to R&L Atria

Question 3

Stage 2 of Impulse

Answer 3

AV delays impulses

Question 4

Stage 3 of Impulse

Answer 4

AV bundle
split into 2 lines

Question 5

Stage 4 of Impulse

Answer 5

Purkinje Fiber carry impulse to bundles

Question 6

Why does the heart contract in twisting motion?

Answer 6

Bc of unbalanced papillary muscle (Left ventricle has more)

Question 7

Intrinsic

Answer 7

SA node
Many influences

Question 8

Extrinsic

Answer 8

Hormones (adrenaline)
Drugs
Nervous System
Exercise

Question 9

Standard Deviation

Answer 9

Consistency around mean (5 trials min)

Question 10

Coefficient of variation

Answer 10

Turn SD into a %

Question 11

EKC or ECG is for what?

Answer 11

record change in myocardium

Question 12

Depolarization

Answer 12

loss electricity

Question 13

Repolarization

Answer 13

Charge Electricity

Question 14

Heart Conduction in order:

Answer 14

P Wave (Atrias lose electricity)
QRS Complex (Ventricles lose electricity & Atrias charge)
T Wave (Ventricles charge)

Question 15

Types of blood vessels

Answer 15

Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

Question 16

Types of artery

Answer 16

Elastic: Largest most elastic
Muscular: Thickest Tunics
Arterioles: smallest (exchange w/ capillaries)

Question 17

Artery structure

Answer 17

Tunica International
Tunica Media
Tunica externa
+ Lumen

Question 18

Vein function

Answer 18

Blood to heart
Join, merge and converge
Holds most blood (65%)

Question 19

Types of vein

Answer 19

Venules:
N/A
Venous Valves:
Stop blood going back
Folds of tunica interna
Found most in limbs

Question 20

Condition when valves fail

Answer 20

Varicose veins

Question 21

Vein structure

Answer 21

Tunica interna
Tunica media
Tunica externa
Lumen = Opening

Question 22

Veins Vs Arteries

Answer 22

Veins: Big Lumen, Has Valves, Low Pressure
Artery: Thick layers, no valves, more pressure

Question 23

Vein Appearance

Answer 23

Blue
Why: Thinner tunics and skin refracts light

Question 24

capillaries

Answer 24

Place for exchange of artery nutrients for vein waste
(occurs bc of diffusion)
diffusion = high concentrate to low

Question 25

Circulatory System (Pulmonary and Systemic)

Answer 25

Pulmonary: Vessels bring blood to lungs and back to heart Systemic: Vessels from heart to all other parts (aorta and branches)

Question 26

Cardiac output

Answer 26

amt of blood leaving left side heart

Question 27

Cardiac Output formula

Answer 27

H.R • Stroke Vol (L/min) div by 100

Question 28

Stroke Volume

Answer 28

amt blood leaving left ventricle

Question 29

increase CO by:

Answer 29

increasing H.R and stroke volume

Question 30

What happens to stroke volume during sub maximal exercise?

Answer 30

It reaches maximum before H.R does

Question 31

Cardiovascular Drift

Answer 31

H.R compensates for lower SV (Requires prolonged exercise, consistent intensity, warm environment) SV lowers bc you lose plasma from blood by sweating (lowering Blood volume)

Question 32

What is the marker for Aerobic Fitness?

Answer 32

VO2 max

Question 33

Ficks Equation

Answer 33

Max Cardiac Output • Max Arterio-Venous difference

Question 34

Arterio-venous difference

Answer 34

How much the difference of oxygen returned from veins given by arteries

Question 35

How to compare male and female VO2 max?

Answer 35

Using Relative VO2 (ml/kl/min)

Question 36

body changes when increasing VO2 max

Answer 36

Central: Stroke volume, lower resting HR, RBC count increase Peripheral: Make more capillaries