Heart Ausculatations Flashcards
1
Q
S1 Heart Sound
A
- A-V valves closing (Tricuspid & Mitral)
- Heard at the beginning of systole
- “LUB”
2
Q
S2 Heart Sound
A
- Aortic and Pulmonic valves closing
- Heard at the end of systole
- “DUB”
3
Q
Normal Heart Sound
A
- S1 is louder at the Apex
- S2 is louder at the Base
4
Q
Split S1
A
- Mitral (Apex)
- Tricuspid (LLSB)
- Normal if heard over Right and Left Sternal Borders
5
Q
Split S2
A
- Aortic and Pulmonic valves closing
- Normal if heard on inspiration and not expiration
- Abnormal if heard on both inspiration and expiration
- Usually heard in the pulmonic area (upper left sternal border - ULSB)
6
Q
S3 Heart Sound
A
- Occurs after S2 Heart Sound
- Normal sound in children and young adults
- 1st clinical sound of HEART FAILURE
- Best heard using the bell of the stethoscope
- AKA Ventricular Gallop
7
Q
S4 Heart Sound
A
- Heard before S1 heart sound
- Commonly with athletes as the they have ventricular hypertrophy
- a-STIFF-wall (imagine this sound)
8
Q
Murmur
A
- Vibrations from turbulent blood flow
- “whooshing” or “blowing” sounds
- Regurgitation: A heart valve fails to completely close… leading to back flow
- Stenosis: Blood flowing through a narrow valve or stiff ventricle
9
Q
Systolic Murmur
A
- Heard between S1 and S2 heart sounds (During Systole)
- Pathologies:
- Aortic or Pulmonic Stenosis
- Mitral valve regurgitation
- Atrial or Ventricle septal defect
10
Q
Diastolic Murmur
A
- Heard after S2
- Pathologies:
- Aortic or Pulmonic regurgitation
- Mitral or Tricuspid stenosis
11
Q
Grade I Murmur
A
- Faint, requires concentrated effort to hear murmur
12
Q
Grade II Murmur
A
- Faint, but can be heard immediately upon listening
13
Q
Grade III Murmur
A
- Louder than grade II, intermediate intensity
14
Q
Grade IV Murmur
A
- Loud, with palpable thrill
15
Q
Grade V Murmur
A
Very loud with palpable thrill, can be heard even with stethoscope tilted on chest wall