Heart Ausculatations Flashcards

1
Q

S1 Heart Sound

A
  • A-V valves closing (Tricuspid & Mitral)
  • Heard at the beginning of systole
  • “LUB”
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2
Q

S2 Heart Sound

A
  • Aortic and Pulmonic valves closing
  • Heard at the end of systole
  • “DUB”
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3
Q

Normal Heart Sound

A
  • S1 is louder at the Apex

- S2 is louder at the Base

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4
Q

Split S1

A
  • Mitral (Apex)
  • Tricuspid (LLSB)
  • Normal if heard over Right and Left Sternal Borders
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5
Q

Split S2

A
  • Aortic and Pulmonic valves closing
  • Normal if heard on inspiration and not expiration
  • Abnormal if heard on both inspiration and expiration
  • Usually heard in the pulmonic area (upper left sternal border - ULSB)
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6
Q

S3 Heart Sound

A
  • Occurs after S2 Heart Sound
  • Normal sound in children and young adults
  • 1st clinical sound of HEART FAILURE
  • Best heard using the bell of the stethoscope
  • AKA Ventricular Gallop
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7
Q

S4 Heart Sound

A
  • Heard before S1 heart sound
  • Commonly with athletes as the they have ventricular hypertrophy
  • a-STIFF-wall (imagine this sound)
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8
Q

Murmur

A
  • Vibrations from turbulent blood flow
  • “whooshing” or “blowing” sounds
  • Regurgitation: A heart valve fails to completely close… leading to back flow
  • Stenosis: Blood flowing through a narrow valve or stiff ventricle
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9
Q

Systolic Murmur

A
  • Heard between S1 and S2 heart sounds (During Systole)
  • Pathologies:
    - Aortic or Pulmonic Stenosis
    - Mitral valve regurgitation
    - Atrial or Ventricle septal defect
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10
Q

Diastolic Murmur

A
  • Heard after S2
  • Pathologies:
    - Aortic or Pulmonic regurgitation
    - Mitral or Tricuspid stenosis
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11
Q

Grade I Murmur

A
  • Faint, requires concentrated effort to hear murmur
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12
Q

Grade II Murmur

A
  • Faint, but can be heard immediately upon listening
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13
Q

Grade III Murmur

A
  • Louder than grade II, intermediate intensity
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14
Q

Grade IV Murmur

A
  • Loud, with palpable thrill
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15
Q

Grade V Murmur

A

Very loud with palpable thrill, can be heard even with stethoscope tilted on chest wall

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16
Q

Grade VI Murmur

A
  • Very loud with palpable thrill, can be heard with stethoscope slightly lifted off of chest wall