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CP1.01_Heart Anatomy_SEIDEN > Heart Anatomy and Vasculature > Flashcards

Heart Anatomy and Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

Label all (right atrium):

A
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2
Q

Coronary sinus location and function:

A
  • in right atrium to left of IVC.
  • Receives venous return from most of myocardium.
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3
Q

Rough and smooth walls of the right atrium and their division:

A
  • Rough: pectinate muscle
  • Smooth: sinus venarum
  • Division: crista terminalis
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4
Q

The IVC and SVC drain into:

A
  • sinus venarum (smooth wall) of right atrium
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5
Q

Label all (right atrium):

A
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6
Q

Fossa ovalis location and demarcation:

A
  • right atrial side of atrial septum.
  • marks region where embryonic septum secundum and septum primum did not overlap.
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7
Q

Limbus of fossa ovalis:

A
  • upper margin of fossa ovalis - site of embryonic foramen ovale.
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8
Q

Crista terminalis location and demarcation:

A
  • Ridge that separates the rough walled from the smooth walled portion of right atrium.
  • Marks embryonic junction of sinus venosus and primitive atrium.
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9
Q

Label all:

A
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10
Q

Rough and smooth walled areas of the right ventricle:

A
  • Smooth walled area: infundibulum
  • Rough walled area: trabeculae carneae
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11
Q

Chordae tendineae location and function:

A
  • Fibrous strands that connect papillary muscles to free borders of AV valves.
  • Together with papillary muscles, prevent prolapse of AV valves during contraction.
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12
Q

Papillary muscles location and function:

A
  • Internally projecting bundles of cardiac muscle.
  • Bases continuous with ventricular wall muscle.
  • Together with chordae tendinae, prevent prolapse of AV valves during contraction.
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13
Q

When do papillary muscles contract?

A
  • Ventricular systole.
  • Prevent pressure of ventricular contraction from causing AV valve prolapse.
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14
Q

Ruptured chordae tendinae will lead to:

A
  • AV valve prolapse
  • tricuspid/mitral regurgitation and murmur.
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15
Q

Label all (left atrium and ventricle):

A
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16
Q

Label all (left ventricle):

A
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17
Q

Attachment geometry between AV valve cusps and papillary muscles:

A
  • Each cusp attached to more than one papillary muscle.
  • Each papillary muscle attached to more than one cusp.
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18
Q

Label all (aortic valve):

A
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19
Q

Do aortic valve cusps have chordae tendinae/papillary muscles?

A
  • No.
  • Cannot prolapse due to their structure (form sinuses).
20
Q

Location of coronary arteries origin:

A

right and left aortic sinuses.

21
Q

When do the coronary arteries fill?

A
  • diastole.
  • semilunar cusps cover coronary arteries during systole. High velocity leads to low pressure. This would lead to blood sucking blood out of the coronary artery during systole.
22
Q

Label all:

A
23
Q

Origin and branches of the right coronary artery:

A
  • Origin: aorta in right aortic sinus
  • Branches:
    • SA nodal artery
    • marginal artery
    • posterior interventricular artery
24
Q

Origin and branches of left coronary artery:

A
  • Origin: aorta in left aortic sulcus
  • Bifurcates into:
    • circumflex artery
    • anterior interventricular artery
25
Q

Blood vessels contained within the coronary sulcus:

A
  1. right coronary artery
  2. circumflex artery (left coronary branch)
  3. coronary sinus
  4. great cardiac vein
26
Q

Blood vessels contained within the anterior interventricular sulcus:

A
  1. anterior interventricular artery (left coronary branch)
  2. great cardiac vein
27
Q

Blood vessels contained within the posterior interventricular sulcus:

A
  1. posterior interventricular artery (right coronary branch)
  2. middle cardiac vein
28
Q

Arterial anastomoses in the heart vasculature:

A
  • right coronary:circumflex
  • posterior interventricular:anterior interventricular
29
Q

Blood supply to right ventricle:

A
  1. Right coronary artery
  2. Posterior interventricular artery (RC)
  3. Right marginal artery (RC)
  4. Anterior interventricular artery (LC)
30
Q

Blood supply to left ventricle:

A
  1. Posterior interventricular artery (RC)
  2. Anterior interventricular artery (LC)
  3. Circumflex artery (LC)
31
Q

Blood supply to right atrium:

A

Right coronary artery

32
Q

Blood supply to left atrium:

A

Circumflex artery (LC)

33
Q

Blood supply to interatrial septum:

A

Right coronary artery

34
Q

Blood supply to interventricular septum:

A

Anterior interventricular artery (LC)

35
Q

Blood supply to SA and AV node:

A

Right coronary artery

36
Q

What determines right or left dominance of the heart?

A
  • origin of posterior interventricular artery
    • right coronary artery
    • circumflex artery (left coronary branch)
37
Q

Label all:

A
38
Q

Label all:

A
39
Q

Label all + dominance:

A
40
Q

Label all:

A
41
Q

Path of great cardiac vein:

A
  1. anterior interventricular sulcus
  2. coronary sulcus
  3. becomes coronary sinus (posterior)
42
Q

What veins of the heart drain into the coronary sinus, and where does the coronary sinus drain into?

A
  1. greater cardiac vein
  2. middle cardiac vein
  3. small cardiac vein
  • coronary sinus drains into the right atrium.
43
Q

Blood draining into the right atrium:

A
  1. coronary sinus
  2. IVC
  3. SVC
44
Q

The middle cardiac vein runs with what artery?

A

posterior interventricular artery

45
Q

Label:

A

coronary sinus

drains into right atrium

46
Q

What veins drain directly into the right atrium rather than into the coronary sinus?

A

anterior cardiac veins

47
Q

What veins drain directly into all chambers rather than into the coronary sinus?

A
  • least cardiac (Thebesian) veins
  • reason why blood leaving the left ventricle is not 100% oxygen saturated.

CP1.01_Heart Anatomy_SEIDEN (3 decks)

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