Heart anatomy Flashcards
Name the 2 septums of the Heart.
- Interatrial septum (wall between atria)
- Interventricular septum (wall between ventricles)
Where does the right ventricle begin and end?
- Begins at the right atrioventricular orifice
- Ends at the pulmonary orifice
Name the 3 layers of the heart wall.
- Epicardium (outermost)
- Myocardium
- Endocardium (thin, innermost)
Name the 3 main components of the fibrous skeleton.
- Annuli fibrosi
- Right & Left trigones
- Membranous part of septa
The pericardial sac has 2 main layers fused together.
Name them.
- Fibrous pericardium
- Serous pericardium
The serous pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardial sac.
The serous pericardium is further divided into 2 layers.
Name them.
- Parietal layer
- Visceral layer
Name the 2 main pericardial sinuses.
- Transverse pericardial sinus
- Oblique pericardial sinus
List 3 functions of the fibrous skeleton.
- Rings anchor the heart valves and maintain their shape
- Provide a site of attachment for the myocardium
- Electrical insulation between atria and ventricles
The base of the heart is mostly formed by the …….
Left Atrium
The Apex of the heart is formed by the ……
Left Ventricle
Where is crista terminalis found?
In the Right Atrium
True/False
Fossa Ovalis is a small, oval-shaped depression on the septal wall of the right atrium.
True.
True/False
Fossa Ovalis is a remnant of the foramen ovale.
True
Name the 2 main branches of the Right Coronary Artery.
- Right marginal artery
- Posterior descending artery
Name the 2 main branches of the Left Coronary Artery.
- Circumflex artery
- Left anterior descending artery (LAD)
Where is it best to auscultate the Aortic Valve?
At the right sternal edge in the 2nd intercostal space
Where is it best to auscultate the Pulmonary Valve?
At the left sternal edge, in the 2nd intercostal space
Where is it best to auscultate the Tricuspid Valve?
At the lower left sternal edge, in the 4th intercostal space
Where is it best to auscultate the Mitral Valve?
Apex beat
At the mid-clavicular line, in the 5th left intercostal space
Name the 4 key components of the conduction system of the heart.
- SA node
- AV node
- Bundle of His
- Purkinje fibres
Where is the SA node located?
In the upper wall of the right atrium
