heart Flashcards
What is the cardiac cycle?
The sequence of systole and diastole in the heart.
Define systemic circulation.
High blood pressure in the arteries that doesn’t fall to zero between heartbeats.
What is the pressure like in the pulmonary circuit?
Lower pressure compared to systemic circulation.
What are the functions of large tubes in transport systems?
Bulk transport over distances.
What happens to fluid flow when the radius of a tube is increased by a factor of 2?
Flow will increase by a factor of 16.
What are the two main phases of the cardiac cycle?
- Systole
- Diastole
What is stroke volume?
The amount of blood ejected per beat from the left ventricle.
How is stroke volume calculated?
SV = EDV - ESV.
What does EDV stand for?
End diastolic volume.
What does ESV stand for?
End systolic volume.
What is cardiac output?
The amount of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute.
What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?
CO = SV x HR.
What is afterload?
The amount of pressure needed in the ventricles to propel blood into the aorta and lungs.
What is preload?
The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, indicating ventricular stretch at the end of diastole.
What is the normal range for systolic blood pressure in a healthy individual?
110-140 mmHg.
