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blood flow of heart > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Name the pathway of blood flow through the heart and circulatory system?

A
  • Inferior & superior vena cava
  • right atrium
  • tricuspid valve
  • right ventricle
  • pulmonary veins
  • lungs
  • pulmonary artery
  • pulmonary valve
  • left atrium
  • mitral valve
  • left ventricle
  • aortic valve
  • aorta
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2
Q

Briefly describe the heart wall?

A

– Has 3 layers (epicardium, myocardium, endocardium)
– Epicardium is the outer protective layer
–Myocardium is the thick middle layer
– Endocardium is the inner layer

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3
Q

What is the function of the Heart/Cardiovascular system?

A

pump blood and deliver oxygen and nutrients to all the body’s cells

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4
Q

Where is the heart located?

A

in the mediastinum, to the left of the sternum

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5
Q

Name the heart valves and indicate their locations

A

– Tricuspid valve – located between right atrium and right ventricle
– Pulmonary valve – located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
– Mitral valve – located between the left atrium and left ventricle
– Aortic valve – located between the left ventricle and aorta

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6
Q

Discuss what causes the heart sounds and how to distinguish them?

A

– Heart sounds are caused by turbulence associated with closing of the heart valves

– using a stethoscope

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7
Q

Which two circulatory systems does the heart pump blood through?

A
  1. Lungs
  2. Tissues & Organs
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8
Q

Which side of the heart forms the Pulmonary circulatory?

A
  1. Right side
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9
Q

Which side of the forms the systemic circulation?

A
  1. Left side
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10
Q

Arteries carry ___

A
  1. Oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart
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11
Q

Veins carry ___

A
  1. Deoxygenated blood TOWARDS the heart
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12
Q

Name the chambers of the heart?

A
  1. Right Atria
  2. Right Ventricle
  3. Left Atria
  4. Left Ventricle
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13
Q

What side of the heart receives DEOXYGENATED BLOOD?

A
  1. Right Side
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14
Q

What side of the heart receives OXYGENATED BLOOD?

A
  1. Left side
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15
Q

What is the Right atrioventricular valve called?

A
  1. Tricuspid valve
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16
Q

What is the Left atrioventricular valve called?

A
  1. Bicuspid
17
Q

Heart Failure is __

A
  1. When the heart muscle doesn’t pump enough blood for the body’s need
18
Q

What are the primary causes of Heart Failure?

A
  1. Coronary Artery disease
  2. Hypertension
  3. Rheumatic Heart Disease
  4. Congenital Heart Defects
19
Q

Describe Systolic failure?

A
  1. When the heart isn’t contracting well
20
Q

Describe Diastolic failure?

A
  1. When the heart cannot relax normally
21
Q

Describe Left-sided HF?

A
  1. The left ventricle of the heart no longer pumps enough blood around the body
22
Q

Describe Right-sided HF?

A
  1. When the Right ventricle fails to contract effectively
23
Q

What occurs during ‘lub’ AKA S1?

A
  1. Closure of the ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES
24
Q

What occurs during ‘DUB’ AKA S2?

A
  1. Closure of the SEMILUNAR VALVES
25
Q

What is the function of the Conduction system of the heart?

A
  1. Controls your heartbeat
26
Q

What is the role of the Sinoatrial and Atria nodes?

A
  1. Sinoatrial node acts as the peacemaker of the heart
  2. Atria node is the gate keeper
27
Q

Name the Conduction system in order?

A
  1. SA node
  2. AV node
  3. bundle of His
  4. Left & Right bundle branches
  5. Purkinje Fibres
28
Q

Describe the structural features of the Cardiac muscle cells that are specialised to cardiac function?

A
  1. Striated
  2. Branched
29
Q

Explain the pathogenesis stages of Atherosclerosis ?

A
  1. Chronic Endothelial Injury
  2. Fatty Streak
  3. Fibrous Plaque
  4. Complicated Lesion

blood flow of heart (2 decks)

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