Heart Flashcards
It is a muscular organ that is
essential for life because it
pumps blood through the
body.
Heart
FUNCTION OF THE
HEART
- generating blood pressure
- routing blood
- ensuring one-way blood flow
- regulating blood supply
size of a heart
approximately the size of a closed fist
form of the heart
shaped like a blunt cone
located in the thoracic cavity between the two pleural cavities that surround the lungs.
heart
Located superiorly at the base of the heart
right and left atria
Extend from the base of the heart toward inferiorly at the apex of the heart
right and left ventricles
Extends around the heart, separating the atria from the ventricles
coronary sulcus
Originated from the right ventricle and carry blood to the lungs.
pulmonary trunk
Originated from the left ventricle, carries blood to the rest of the body
aorta
Receives blood from the veins
right and left atria
It ensures one-way blood flow
heart valve
Located between each atrium
and ventricle
Atrioventricular valves (AV)
Located between each
ventricle and its associated
great artery
Semilunar valves
Originate from the base of the
aorta, just above the aortic
semilunar valves.
coronary arteries
Supply blood to the wall of the
heart
coronary arteries
Drains blood from the cardiac
muscle
cardiac veins
Carry blood from the wall of the
heart back to the right atrium.
cardiac veins
also called the visceral
pericardium
epicardium
the thick, middle layer of the
heart
myocardium
The smooth inner surface of the
heart chambers
consists of simple squamous
epithelium over a layer of
connective tissue.
allows blood to move easily
through the heart
endocardium
The surfaces of the interior walls
of the ventricles that are
modified by ridges and columns
of cardiac muscle
Trabeculae carneae
are elongated, branching cells that contain one, or occasionally two, centrally located nuclei that are organized into spiral bundles or sheets
cardiac muscles
record of these electrical events
Electrocardiogram (ECG
It results from depolarization of the atrial myocardium.
P wave
It consists of three individual waves: the Q, R, and S waves
QRS Complex
It represents repolarization
of the ventricles.
T wave
The beginning of the QRS
complex precedes
ventricular __________
contraction
The beginning of the T
wave precedes ventricular
______
relaxation
Time between the beginning of the P wave and the
beginning of the QRS complex
PQ interval
Extends from the beginning of the QRS complex to the
end of the T wave
QT Interval
refers to the repetitive pumping process that begins with the onset of
cardiac muscle contraction and ends with the beginning of the next contraction
cardiac cycle
refers to contraction of the two atria.
atrial systole
refers to relaxation of the two atria.
atrial diastole
first heart sound; has a lower pitch
than the second
LUBB
second heart sound. Occurs at the
beginning of ventricular diastole and results
from closure of the semilunar valves
DUPP
when a heart valve does not close completely.
incompetent valve
abnormal heart sounds; usually a
result of faulty valves
murmurs
refers to regulation mechanisms contained within the
heart itself
INTRINSIC REGULATION OF THE HEART
refers to regulation mechanisms external to the heart,
such as either nervous or chemical regulation
EXTRINSIC REGULATION OF THE HEART
