heart

Question 1

What is a chemoreceptor?

Answer 1

detects level of oxygen in the blood or carbon dioxide in the blood
parasympathetic so heart rate increases

Question 2

what’s a baroreceptor

Answer 2

detects changes in blood pressure every beat

Question 3

what’s a proprioceptor

Answer 3

detects movements in the joints and muscles
sympathetic so heart rate increases

Question 4

define heart rate

Answer 4

how many beats per minute

Question 5

what’s stroke volume

Answer 5

volume of blood pumped out in one beat

Question 6

what’s cardiac output

Answer 6

volume of blood pumped out in a minute

Question 7

diastole

Answer 7

heart chambers relaxing to fill with blood

Question 8

systole

Answer 8

heart chambers contracting to pump out blood

Question 9

define venous return

Answer 9

volume of blood returning to the heart through the vena cava

Question 10

elasticity of cardiac fibres

Answer 10

how well heart muscles can stretch and therefore how much blood they can take in

Question 11

ejection fraction

Answer 11

volume of blood pumped out by a chamber divided by total volume of the chamber

Question 12

contractility of cardiac tissue

Answer 12

how well heart muscles can contact and therefore how much blood they can pump out

Question 13

if venous return increases what happens to stoke volume and cardiac output

Answer 13

increase

Question 14

what’s the sa node

Answer 14

pacemaker - releases electric impulses

Question 15

what happens while the impulse pauses at the av node

Answer 15

atrial systole

Question 16

after the av node?

Answer 16

impulse travels to bundle of his

Question 17

after bundle of his?

Answer 17

purkinje fibres

Question 18

what do purkinje fibres do

Answer 18

cause contraction in ventricles causing ventricular systole

Question 19

what tissue separates the two ventricles

Answer 19

interventricular septum

Question 20

what is bradicardia

Answer 20

lowering of resting heart rate

Question 21

is resting HR of trained and untrained athlete the same

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

what is cardiovascular drift

Answer 22

blood plasma evaporates due to sweat so stroke volume decreases and heart rate needs to increase to keep up with oxygen demand

Question 23

what is the function of the skeletal muscle pump

Answer 23

maintain pressure in blood vessels

Question 24

where is the skeletal muscle pump useful

Answer 24

when blood flow opposes gravity

Question 25

how does the skeletal muscle pump prevent backflow

Answer 25

valves

Question 26

what is the skeletal muscle pump

Answer 26

contraction of skeletal muscle in the limbs

Question 27

function of respiratory pump

Answer 27

increase venous return

Question 28

how does respiratory pump work

Answer 28

When inhaling diaphragm contracts and puts pressure on the lower region of the torso, which means the pressure in the lungs decreases as there is more space so the pressure gradient is higher which pulls up blood faster

Question 29

what are pocket valves

Answer 29

valves that prevent backflow