Heart Flashcards by All Kpop

where is the heart located?

located in the medistinum (between the lungs)

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heart

what doees the apex do?

points downward and contracts the diaphgram

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heart

what are the diffrent layers of the heart?

Epi, Myo, Endo

1) epicardium
2) myocardium
3) endocardium

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heart

epicardium

outermost, the viseral layer of the serous pericardium

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heart

myocardium

middle layer, composed of cardiac muscle cells (very thick)

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heart

endocardium

innermost layer, forms valves and is continous with the endothelium of the blood vessels that enter and leave the heart

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heart

what is the pericardium composed of?

fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium

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what are the two parts of the serous pericardium

1) parietal layer
2) viseral layer

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heart

parietal layer

attached to the back of the fibrous pericardium

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heart

viseral layer (epicardium)

attached to the heart muscles

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pericardial cavity

fluid filled space that seperates the parietal and viseral layer

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chamer and valves

how many chamber and vavles are there?

4 each; two lower and two upper

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chmaber and valves

what are the 4 chambers?

A and V

2 upper: left and right atria
2 lower: left and right ventricle

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chmaber and valves

what are the 4 vavles?

AV and SV

1) atrioventricular (AV Valves)
2) semilunar valves

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chmaber and valves

atrioventricular (AV Valves)

TV, and BV

right= tricuspid valve
left= bicuspid, mitral

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chamber and valves

semilunar valves

found at the base of 2 large vessels leaving the heart= pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves

blood flow

how does the blood flow through the heart

RA, RV, PSV, PT, L+R PA,LU,PV, LA,BMV, LV,ASV, AA

1) R. atrium
2) R. AV valve
3) R ventricle
4) pulmonary semilunar valve
5) pulmonary trunk
6) L and R pulmonary artery
7) lungs
8) pulmonary veins
9) L atrium
10) bicuspid valve
11) L ventricle
12) aortic semilunar valve
13) ascending aorta

blood flow

step 1

RA + oxygenated or deoxygenated

right atrium: recieves deoxygenated blood from 3 vessels
1) superior vena cava
2) inferior vena cava
3) coronary sinus

blood flow

superior vena cava

blood above the heart

blood flow

inferior vena cava

blood from below the heart

blood flow

coronary sinus

blood from heart muscles

blood flow

step 2

R AV —> R V

blood flows through the right AV valve into the right ventricle

what prevents back flow?

chordae tendinae and papillary muscles to prevent back flow

blood flow

step 3

R V—-> PSV

the right ventricle contracts and blood exits through the pulmonary semilunar valve

# blood flow step 4 | PSV---> PT

enters through the pulmonary semilunar vavle to the pulmonary trunk

# blood flow step 5 | PT----> L and R PA

pulmonary trunk divides into the L and R pulmonary artires

# blood flow step 6 | L and R PA---> L

from the left and rigjt pulmonary artires the blood goes to the lungs

# blood flow what happens when the blood gets to the lungs? | oxygenated?

* CO2 is out and O is in * deoxygenated blood is traded out * oxygenated blood returns to the lungs

# blood flow step 7 | L ---> PV

oxygenated blood returns from the lungs through the pulmonary veins | ( 4 veins in total; 2 R and 2 L)

# blood flow step 8 | PV--> LA

through the pulmonary veins to thr left atrium

# blood flow step 9 | BV---> LV

then to the bicuspi valve to the left ventricle

# blood flow step 10 | LV---> ASV

L vetricle contracts and blood exits through the aortic semilunar valves

# blood flow step 11 | ASV---> AA

through the aortic semilunar valve and enters the ascending aorta

# blood flow step 11 | ASV---> AA

through the aortic semilunar valve and enters the ascending aorta