Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human A&p 2 section2 > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

The right atrioventricular valve, or __________, prevents backflow into the right atrium when the right ventricle is contracting.

A

tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The heart is enclosed in a double-walled sac called the __________.

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The heart serves as a double pump. The __________ side serves as the pulmonary circulation pump, shunting carbon dioxide–rich blood to the lungs.

A

right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Blood flows through the heart in one direction—from the atria to the ventricles.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the name of the two receiving chambers of the heart?

A

atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The heart is divided into __________ chambers.

A

four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The left ventricle discharges blood into the __________, from which all systemic arteries of the body diverge to supply the body tissues.

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In the heart, the __________ ventricle has thicker walls and a basically circular cavity shape.

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Two microscopic features of cardiac cells that help distinguish them from other types of muscle cells are branching of the cells and __________.

A

intercalated discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself are the __________.

A

coronary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The right atrioventricular valve, or __________, prevents backflow into the right atrium when the right ventricle is contracting.

tricuspid valve or mitral valve

A

tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The heart is enclosed in a double-walled sac called the __________.

-thorax
-apex
-mediastinum
-pericardium

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The heart serves as a double pump. The __________ side serves as the pulmonary circulation pump, shunting carbon dioxide–rich blood to the lungs.

left or right

A

right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Blood flows through the heart in one direction—from the atria to the ventricles

true or false

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the name of the two receiving chambers of the heart? __________

A

atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The heart is divided into __________ chambers.

A

four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The left ventricle discharges blood into the __________, from which all systemic arteries of the body diverge to supply the body tissues.

-vena cava
-pulmonary artery
-pulmonary vein
-aorta

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In the heart, the __________ ventricle has thicker walls and a basically circular cavity shape.

left or right

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Two microscopic features of cardiac cells that help distinguish them from other types of muscle cells are branching of the cells and __________.

-sarcolemma
-striations
-intercalated discs
-myosin fibers

A

intercalated discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself are the __________.

-pulmonary trunks
-aortas
-coronary arteries
-carotid arteries

A

coronary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The repolarization of the atria is usually masked by the large QRS complex.

true or false

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Stimulation by the nerves of the autonomic nervous system is essential for cardiac muscle to contract.

true or false

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ECG can be used to calculate heart rate.

true or false

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cardiac muscle cells are electrically connected by gap junctions and behave as a single unit.

true or false

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The typical ECG has __________ normally recognizable deflection waves.

A

three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Because it sets the rate of depolarization for the normal heart, the __________ node is known as the pacemaker of the heart.

-atrioventricular
-Purkinje
-sinoatrial

A

sinoatrial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Today you will create a graphic recording of the electrical changes that occur during a cardiac cycle. This is known as an __________.

-electrocardiogram
-electroencephalogram
-electromyogram

A

electrocardiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How many electrodes will you place on your subject for today’s activity if you use a standard ECG apparatus?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A heart rate over 100 beats/minute is known as __________.

-tachycardia
-bradycardia

A

tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In a typical ECG, the __________ wave signals the depolarization of the atria immediately before they contract.

-P
-Q
-R
-T

A

p

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Located in the lower limb, the __________ is the longest vein in the body.

-internal iliac
-great saphenous
-fibular
-external iliac

A

great saphenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The __________ is the largest artery of the body.

-aorta
-subclavian artery
-femoral artery
-carotid artery

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

In the developing fetus, the umbilical __________ carries blood rich in nutrients and oxygen to the fetus.

vein or artery

A

vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

__________ drain tissues and return blood to the heart.

veins or arteries

A

veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The anterior tibial artery terminates with the __________ artery, which is often palpated in patients with circulatory problems to determine the circulatory efficiency of the lower limb.

-external iliac
-obturator
-dorsalis pedis
-tibial

A

dorsalis pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Gas exchange takes place between tissue cells and blood through capillary walls.

true or false

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The largest branch of the abdominal aorta, the __________ artery, supplies most of the small intestine and the first half of the large intestine.

renal or superior mesenteric

A

superior mesenteric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The __________ veins drain the liver.

renal or hepatic

A

hepatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The function of the __________ is to drain the digestive viscera and carry dissolved nutrients to the liver for processing.

-pulmonary circulation system
-fetal circulation
-hepatic portal circulation

A

hepatic portal circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Veins draining the head and upper extremities empty into the __________ vena cava.

inferior or superior

A

superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What structure connects the highlighted muscle cells to one another?

-intercalated discs
-sarcomeres
-tight junctions
-Z discs

A

intercalated discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what is the tops left one

A

fossa ovalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is the middle left one?

A

pectinate muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is bottom left one?

A

chordae tendineae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what is the top right one?

A

papillary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what is the bottom right one

A

interventricular septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what is the bottom middle one

A

trabeculae carneae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

In the fetus, what structure is located at the highlighted site?

-foramen lacerum
-foramen magnum
-foramen spinosum
-foramen ovale

A

FORAMEN OVALE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

what is top left one

A

superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

what is the middle left one

A

pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

what is the top right one

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

what is the middle right one

A

epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what tis the bottom right one

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

what is the bottom middle one

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

what is the top left one

A

brachiocephalic trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

what is the top middle left one

A

superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

what is bottom middle left one

A

ascending aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

what is the top right one

A

left common carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

what is the 2nd one down on the right

A

left subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

what is the 3rd one down on the right

A

aortic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

what is the 4th one down

A

ligamentum arteriosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

what is the 5th one down on the right

A

left pulmonary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

what is the 6th one down on the right

A

left pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

what is the top middle one

A

superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

what is the top left one

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

what is the 2nd one on the left

A

pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

what is the 3rd one on the left

A

right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

what is the 4th one on the left

A

right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

what is the top right one

A

left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

what is the bottom right one

A

left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

A proximal LAD lesion is a blockage in the left anterior descending artery, also known as the anterior interventricular artery. Explain why a heart attack caused by an obstruction of this artery is sometimes referred to as the “widow maker” heart attack.

-Blocking this artery means that oxygen-poor blood cannot be returned to circulation and that results in the death of myocytes.
-A blockage in this artery will prevent oxygenated blood from reaching the posterior cells of the heart.
-The anterior interventricular artery is more often blocked in men, leading to heart attacks and death.
-A blockage in the anterior interventricular artery prevents oxygen from reaching cardiac muscle cells in both ventricles. The atria are not powerful enough to pump blood to the lungs and body.

A

A blockage in the anterior interventricular artery prevents oxygen from reaching cardiac muscle cells in both ventricles. The atria are not powerful enough to pump blood to the lungs and body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Identify the most muscular chamber.

-Left atrium
-Left ventricle
-Right ventricle
-Right atrium

A

left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Name the inner lining of the heart.

-Pericardium
-Endocardium
-Myocardium
-Epicardium

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Identify the valve found between the left atrium and left ventricle.

-Pulmonary valve
-Tricuspid valve
-Bicuspid (mitral) valve
-Aortic valve

A

bicuspid vlave

78
Q

What heart chamber pushes blood through the aortic semilunar valve?

-Left ventricle
-Right ventricle
-Left atrium
-Right atrium

A

left ventricle

79
Q

Name the irregular ridges of muscle lining the ventricles.

-Trabeculae carneae
-Chordae tendineae
-papillary muscles
-Pectinate muscles

A

Trabeculae carneae

80
Q

What fibrous structure functions to anchor the atrioventricular valves in a closed position?

-Chordae tendineae
-Trabeculae carneae
-Moderator band
-Papillary muscle

A

Chordae tendineae

81
Q

Blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed.

true or false

A

true

82
Q

Identify the highlighted vessel.

-inferior vena cava
-left pulmonary artery
-left brachiocephalic artery
-superior vena cava

A

superior vena cava

83
Q

What is a function of the highlighted structures?

-replicates new muscle cells
-synthesizes proteins
-allows action potentials to quickly travel from one cell to another
-nourishes the cells

A

allows action potentials to quickly travel from one cell to another

84
Q

what is the left one

A

cardiac skeleton

85
Q

what is the top right one

A

myocardium

86
Q

what is the 2nd right one

A

tricuspid (right) valve

87
Q

what is the 3rd right one

A

mitral (left) valve

88
Q

what is the 4th right one

A

aortic valve

89
Q

what is the bottom right one

A

pulmonary valve

90
Q

Which structure is highlighted?

-epicardium
-pericardium
-myocardium
-endocardium

A

pericardium

91
Q

Identify the highlighted structure.

-right ventricle
-interventricular septum
-apex
-papillary muscle

A

apex

92
Q

Identify the highlighted vessel.

-left brachiocephalic vein
-left common carotid artery
-left pulmonary artery
-ascending aorta

A

ascending aorta

93
Q

What is the function of the coronary circulation?

-Provide a blood supply to the heart
-Provide a blood supply to the aortic arch
-Provide a blood supply to the pericardium
-Provide a blood supply to the lungs

A

provide a blood supply to the heart

94
Q

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

-A remnant of the foramen ovale
-A remnant of the ductus arteriosus
-A ligament securing the aorta
-A ligament attaching the aorta to the superior vena cava

A

A remnant of the ductus arteriosus

95
Q

Which chamber of the heart exits into the pulmonary trunk?

-Left atrium
-Right atrium
-Right ventricle
-Left ventricle

A

right entricle

96
Q

Identify the ear like flaps that are attached to the top chambers of the heart.

-Coronary sinus
-Auricle
-Pectinate muscles
-Atrium

A

auricle

97
Q

The first branch off the arch of the aorta is the brachiocephalic artery in both the sheep and the human.

true or false

A

true

98
Q

The base of the heart is located at the bottom of the heart.

true or false

A

false

99
Q

what is the top left one

A

right atrium

100
Q

what is the middle left one

A

tricuspid valve

101
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

right ventricle

102
Q

what is the top right one

A

left atrium

103
Q

what is the 2nd right one

A

mitral valve

104
Q

what is the 3rd right one

A

aortic valve

105
Q

what is the bottom right one

A

left ventricle

106
Q

what is the bottom middle one

A

pulmonary valve

107
Q

Identify the highlighted vessels.

-venae cavae
-right pulmonary veins
-right pulmonary arteries
-coronary arteries

A

right pulmonary veins

108
Q

Identify the highlighted structure.

-aortic semilunar valve
-tricuspid valve
-mitral valve
-pulmonary semilunar valve

A

tricuspid valve

109
Q

what is the top left one

A

left pulmonary artery

110
Q

what is the 2nd left one

A

left pulmonary veins

111
Q

what is the 3rd left one

A

great cardiac vein

112
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

posterior vein of left ventricle

113
Q

what is the top right one

A

right pulmonary artery

114
Q

what is the 2nd right one

A

right pulmonary veins

115
Q

what is the 3rd right one

A

coronary sinus

116
Q

what is the 4th right one

A

right coronary artery

117
Q

what is the 5th right one

A

posterior interventricular artery

118
Q

what is the bottom right one

A

middle cardiac vein

119
Q

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is an inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood to the body. One sign of CHF is excess fluid in the tissue spaces, known as edema. Describe the location of the edema if the left side of the heart fails.

-Heart
-Lungs
-Brain
-All of the choices are correct.

A

lungs

120
Q

Which layer of the heart wall is composed of the tissue shown here?

-myocardium
-endocardium
-fibrous pericardium
-visceral pericardium

A

myocardium

121
Q

The highlighted structure consists of ___.

-two semilunar cusps
-three valve flaps
-two valve flaps
-three semilunar cusps

A

three semilunar cusps

122
Q

Name the ridged bundles of muscle found projecting inside the right atrium.

-Papillary muscles
-Intercalated discs
-Trabeculae carneae
-Pectinate muscles

A

pectinate muscles

123
Q

Identify the right atrioventricular valve.

-Pulmonary valve
-Aortic semilunar valve
-Bicuspid valve
-Tricuspid valve

A

tricuspid valve

124
Q

Identify the valve located at the exit of the right ventricle.

-Bicuspid valve
-Aortic semilunar valve
-Pulmonary semilunar valve
-Tricuspid valve

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

125
Q

The moderator band is found on both the right and left side of the heart.

true or false

A

false

126
Q

Oxygenated blood flows through the right side of the heart.

true or false

A

false

127
Q

Which structure is highlighted?

-right ventricle
-left ventricle
-left atrium
-right atrium

A

right atrium

128
Q

Identify the highlighted vessel.

-marginal artery
-pulmonary artery
-posterior interventricular artery
-coronary sinus

A

posterior interventricular artery

129
Q

Identify the highlighted structure.

-right auricle
-left auricle
-right atrium
-left atrium

A

left auricle

130
Q

what is the top left one

A

aorta

131
Q

what is 2nd left one

A

auricle of left atrium

132
Q

what is the 3rd left one

A

left atrium

133
Q

what is the 4th left one

A

left ventricle

134
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

apex

135
Q

what is the top right one

A

superior vena cava

136
Q

what is the 2nd right one

A

right atrium

137
Q

what is the 3rd right one

A

inferior vena cava

138
Q

what is the bottom right one

A

right ventricle

139
Q

Identify the highlighted structures.

-papillary muscles
-semilunar valves
-chordae tendineae
-atrioventricular valves

A

papillary muscles

140
Q

Identify the highlighted structure.

-left atrium
-right atrium
-left auricle
-right auricle

A

right auricle

141
Q

what is the top left one

A

right atrium

142
Q

what is 2nd left one

A

right coronary artery

143
Q

what is the 3rd left one

A

anterior interventricular artery

144
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

right ventricle

145
Q

what is the top right one

A

left atrium

146
Q

what is the 2nd right one

A

circumflex artery

147
Q

what is the 3rd right one

A

great cardiac vein

148
Q

what is the 4th right one

A

left ventricle

149
Q

what is the bottom right one

A

apex of the heart

150
Q

Identify the highlighted vessel.

-aortic arch
-brachiocephalic trunk
-superior vena cava
-left common carotid artery

A

brachiocephalic trunk

151
Q

identify the three branches of the highlighted vessel.

-right coronary artery, left coronary artery, left common carotid artery
-right coronary artery, left coronary artery, brachiocephalic trunk
-brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
-brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery, right subclavian artery

A

brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

152
Q

what is the left one

A

cardiac muscle cell

153
Q

what is the middle one

A

nucleus

154
Q

what is the right one

A

intercalated disc

155
Q

Which vessel is highlighted?

-superior vena cava
-inferior vena cava
-right coronary artery
-coronary sinus

A

inferior vena cava

156
Q

Long Q-T syndrome (LQTS) is characterized by a prolonged Q-T interval. When LQTS is symptomatic, patients experience episodes of fainting and arrhythmia. Which electrical event is altered in LQTS?

-Ventricular depolarization is enhanced.
-The electrical signal takes longer to reach the ventricles.
-Ventricular repolarization takes longer.
-Atrial depolarization takes longer.

A

ventricular repolarization takes longer

157
Q

The effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart is to _______.

-increase the heart rate
-increase the heart rate and increase the force of contraction
-decrease the heart rate
-decrease the heart rate and decrease the force of contraction

A

increases the heart rate and increase the force of contraction

158
Q

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system dominates after a large meal?

-Both parasympathetic and sympathetic branches dominate after a large meal.
-the parasympathetic branch
-neither the parasympathetic nor the sympathetic branch
-the sympathetic branch

A

the parasympathetic branch

159
Q

The sinoatrial node is located _______.

-in the right atrial wall of the human heart
-in the left atrial wall of the human heart
-in the interventricular septum of the human heart
-outside the human heart

A

in the right atrial wall of the human heart

160
Q

Excessive vagal stimulation of the heart will result in _______.

-a decrease in heart rate and, eventually, a temporary cessation of the heartbeat
-an increase in the force of contraction
-an increase in heart rate
-a decrease in the force of contraction

A

a decrease in heart rate and, eventually, a temporary cessation of the heartbeat

161
Q

The prefix means atrium.

A

atri-

162
Q

The prefix means ventricle of the heart.

A

ventriculo-

163
Q

The prefix means heart or heart action.

A

cardi-

164
Q

The prefix means electricity.

A

electro-

165
Q

__________control blood flow into the ventricles.

A

atrioventricular valves

166
Q

A test that records the electrical activity of the heart is a(n) _________

A

electrocardiogram

167
Q

The structure dividing the two atria of the heart is called the ___________

A

interatrial septum

168
Q

_________ is a faster than normal heart rate.

A

tachycardia

169
Q

Which of the following affect heart rate through the use of a cAMP (second messenger) system?

-epinephrine
-acetylcholine, epinephrine and norepinephrine
-norepinephrine
-acetylcholine
-epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

170
Q

Which of the following decreases the rate of depolarization in the heart?

-epinephrine
-acetylcholine
-acetylcholine, epinephrine and norepinephrine
-norepinephrine
-epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

acetylcholine

171
Q

The sinoatrial node has receptors for _______.

-acetylcholine
-acetylcholine, epinephrine and norepinephrine
-epinephrine and norepinephrine
-norepinephrine
-epinephrine

A

acetylcholine, epinephrine and norepinephrine

172
Q

An adrenergic drug that worked in opposition to epinephrine would _______.

-be an antagonist and decrease heart rate
-be an agonist and increase heart rate
-decrease heart rate
-increase heart rate

A

be an antagonist and decrease heart rate

173
Q

what is the top middle one

A

sinoatrial (SA) node

174
Q

what is the top left one

A

atrioventricular (AV) node

175
Q

what is the middle left one

A

bundle branches

176
Q

what is the bottom left one

A

purkinje fibers

177
Q

what is the right one

A

atrioventricular (AV) bundle

178
Q

When vagus nerve stimulation was applied to the frog heart, _______.

-the force of contraction increased
-the force of contraction increased and the heart rate slowed and eventually stopped
-the heart rate slowed and eventually stopped
-the force of contraction decreased
-the force of contraction decreased and the heart rate slowed and eventually stopped

A

the heart rate slowed and eventually stopped

179
Q

What part of your tracing illustrates vagal escape?

-the part where the force of contraction decreased
-the part where the heart stopped
-the part where the heart resumed beating
-the part where the heart rate slowed down

A

the part where the heart resumed beating

180
Q

Research shows that in the absence of neural and hormonal influences, the SA node generates action potentials at a frequency of about 100 times per minute. However, the resting heart rate is about 70 beats per minute. What would the approximate heartrate be if the vagus nerve were severed?

-slower than 70 beats per minute
-about 100 beats per minute
-faster than 100 beats per minute
-about 70 beats per minute

A

about 100 beats per minute

181
Q

Which of the following has the fastest rate of spontaneous depolarization?

-Purkinje fibers
-AV bundle branches
-the AV node
-the SA node

A

the SA node

182
Q

Muscarine is a poison found in poisonous mushrooms. Muscarine binds to acetylcholine receptors and mimics its action. Which of the following describes the effect of muscarine?

-Like pilocarpine, it increases the heart rate.
-Like atropine, it increases the heart rate.
-Like pilocarpine, it decreases the heart rate.
-Like atropine, it decreases the heart rate.

A

Like pilocarpine, it decreases the heart rate.

183
Q

Beta blockers are used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Which receptors do you think are being blocked?

-beta-adrenergic
-nicotinic
-muscarinic
-alpha-adrenergic

A

beta-adrenergic

184
Q

With respect to heart rate, which of the following worked in opposition to each other?

-digitalis and pilocarpine
-digitalis and pilocarpine as well as atropine and epinephrine
-atropine and epinephrine
-digitalis and atropine

A

digitalis and atropine

185
Q

With respect to heart rate, which of the following had the same effect?

-atropine and epinephrine
-digitalis and atropine
-digitalis and pilocarpine
-digitalis and pilocarpine as well as atropine and epinephrine

A

digitalis and pilocarpine as well as atropine and epinephrine

186
Q

In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), the atria generate as many as 500 action potentials per minute, causing the atria to spasm instead of contracting as a coordinated unit. A maze procedure involves making incisions in the atria and sewing them back together, resulting in the formation of scar tissue in the atria. How might this procedure prevent atrial fibrillation?

-The maze procedure damages the sinoatrial node, making it impossible for the atria to generate action potentials.
-Scar tissue is composed of connective tissue, which does not conduct electrical impulses. This means that action potentials in one
atrium will not spread to the other atrium.
-This procedure damages the atrioventricular node, making it impossible for the atria to generate action potentials.
-The scar tissue would isolate the atrioventricular bundle from the atrioventricular node, electrically insulting the atria.

A

Scar tissue is composed of connective tissue, which does not conduct electrical impulses. This means that action potentials in one
atrium will not spread to the other atrium.

187
Q

identify first wave

A

P wave

188
Q

identify big spike

A

QRS complex

189
Q

identify 2nd wave

A

t wave

190
Q

identify small jap 1

A

P-R interval

191
Q

identify small jap 2

A

S-T segment

192
Q

identify big jap

A

Q-T interval

Human A&p 2 section2 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions