Hearing Loss Causes - Chapter 6

Question 1

congenital genetic deafness = Retinitis pigmentosa, vestibular and visual disorders

Answer 1

Usher’s Syndrome

Question 2

congenital genetic deafness = white forelock (partial albinism), eyes of different colors (hetrochromia iridis), laterally spaced eyes

Answer 2

Waardenburg’s syndromen - congenital

Question 3

congenital genetic deafness = Goiter

Answer 3

Pendred’s syndrome - congenital

Question 4

congenital genetic deafness = Arrhythmia, prolonged Q-T interval, Adams-Stokes disease

Answer 4

Jervell & Lange-Nielson syndrome - congenital

Question 5

congenital genetic deafness = Craniofacial abnormalties

Answer 5

Treacher Collins syndrome - congenital

Question 6

congenital genetic deafness = variable

Answer 6

chromosomal abnormalties - congenital

Question 7

delayed genetic deafness = glomerulonephritis

Answer 7

Alport’s syndrome - delayed

Question 8

delayed genetic deafness skeletal deformalities

Answer 8

Paget’s disease - delayed

Question 9

delayed genetic deafness = Dwarfism, mental retardation, blindness, hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 9

Hurler syndrome - delayed

Question 10

delayed genetic deafness = Skeletal problems (spin bifida, scoliosis), vesicular abnormalities

Answer 10

Klippel - Feil Syndrome - delayed

Question 11

delayed genetic deafness = Blindess, obesity, diabetes

Answer 11

Alstroms disease - delayed

Question 12

delayed genetic deafness = Bilateral acoustic neuromas

Answer 12

Neurofibromatosis type II - delayed

Question 13

delayed onset hearing loss that is unilateral or bilateral hearing loss caused by neisseria, homophilus, pneumococcus? treatment?

Answer 13

meningitis

treatment = antibiotics

Question 14

delayed onset hearing loss - fluctuating unilateral or bilateral hearing loss; Interstitial, keratitis, FTA positive

Answer 14

syphilis

Question 15

delayed onset hearing loss in syphilis is caused by? What is the treatment?

Answer 15

treponema pallidum; treatment = corticosteriods/penicillin

Question 16

delayed onset hearing loss characterized by variable damage to cochlea and vestibular apparatus with hearing loss and/or vesicular dysfunction ? What is this caused by??

Answer 16

Ototoxic drugs - etiology = aminoglycosides

Question 17

delayed onset hearing loss characterized by enzyme interference; reversible bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitis

Answer 17

Ototoxic drugs - Salicylates

Question 18

what is the treatment of salicylate toxicity causing delayed onset hearing loss?

Answer 18

stop med

Question 19

delayed onset hearing loss caused by diuretics (Ethacynic acid, furosemide) is what?

Answer 19

transient or permanent hearing loss ; stop the drug for treatment

Question 20

delayed onset hearing loss due to sensory hair cell degeneration int he cochlea due to prolonged noise

Answer 20

noise induced ; Initial maximum hearing loss at 4KHz - temporary after single exposure (as in rock concert) but permeant after repeated exposures

Question 21

describe functional delayed onset hearing loss

Answer 21

consider when secondary gain, bizarre medical history, psychosomatic disorders, inconsistent audiometry

Question 22

delayed onset hearing loss caused by nerve sheath tumor of vestibular division of 8 cranial nerve

Answer 22

Vestibular Schwannoma

Question 23

Describe Vestibular Schwannoma delayed onset hearing loss features

Answer 23

tinnitus, unsteadiness, unilateral hearing loss with poor word recognition

Question 24

what is the treatment for vestibular schwannomaa

Answer 24

surgery vs sterotactic radiotherapy vs observe

Question 25

delayed onset hearing loss featuring fluctuating, progressive, usually unilateral hearing loss caused by endolymphatic hydrops

Answer 25

Meniere's disease

Question 26

What is the treatment for meniere's disease?

Answer 26

salt-restircted diet, diuretics, vestibular suppresents, Endolymphatic sac decompression, labrinthectomy, vestibular nerve section

Question 27

delayed onset hearing loss featuring bilateral symmetric hearing loss associated with advanced age caused by genetic pre deposition, systemic disease, degeneration of neurosensory apparatus

Answer 27

presbycusis

Question 28

what is the treatment of presbycusis?

Answer 28

hearing aids

Question 29

what is caused by hypertension, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, temporal arteritis, wegener's granulomatosis, hypothyroidism, sarcoidosis

Answer 29

systemic disorders associated with delayed onset hearing loss

Question 30

bacterial meningitis and suppurative labyrinthitis; viral infections include mips, measles, rubella, influenza, cytomegalovirus, infectious mononucleosis, herpes simplex, herpes zoster

Answer 30

bacterial and viral infections causing sudden onset hearing loss

Question 31

thromboembolic hemorrhage; associated with Buerger's disease, macroglobulinemia, sickle cell disease, hypercoagulation

Answer 31

vascular accidents causing sudden onset hearing loss

Question 32

rheumatoid arthritis, coagan's syndrome, systemic lupus erthematosus

Answer 32

immune mediated cause to sudden onset hearing loss

Question 33

immune mediated cause of sudden onset to hearing loss is unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 33

usually bilateral

Question 34

primary and metatatic malignancies, vestibular schwannoma

Answer 34

neoplasm cause to sudden onset of hearing loss

Question 35

endolymphatic hydrous featuring fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo

Answer 35

Meniere's disease cause to sudden onset of hearing loss

Question 36

precipitating event like sneezing coughing straining that features sudden onset, tinnitus, vertigo

Answer 36

Perilymphatic fistula; management = strict bed rest with middle ear exploration in select cases

Question 37

patent cochlear aquaeduct, enlarged vestibular aqueduct, oval or round window ; perilympatic fistula

Answer 37

congenital cause to sudden onset of hearing loss

Question 38

multiple sclerosis, ototxic drugs, syphilis, trauma

Answer 38

other causes to sudden onset of hearing loss

Question 39

presumed viral, vascular, or cochlear membrane breaks

Answer 39

idiopathic cause to sudden onset of hearing loss